Hackenberg B, Große-Büning S, Hammes S, Strieth S
HNO-Klinik, Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Deutschland.
Dermatologie, Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Deutschland.
HNO. 2020 Feb;68(2):131-140. doi: 10.1007/s00106-019-00808-w.
Piercings and tattoos have gained popularity across all cultural environments during the past century, and one in ten Europeans are now pierced. While tattoos are often restricted to the rest of the body, piercings are common at facial sites such as ears, nose, lips, and tongue. Complications following piercings are not uncommon. Infections can rapidly spread across the auricular cartilage and require antibiotic and often surgical treatment. Mild trauma (i.e., piercing the earlobe) can lead to excessive scar formation due to fibroblast proliferation. Keloids have a particularly high rate of recurrence and are therefore difficult to treat. Due to recent developments in the field of permanent makeup, tattooing techniques are also increasingly applied in the head and neck region. Here, complications such as infection or allergic reactions can occur. Topical medication or laser procedures are the usual therapeutic options.
在过去的一个世纪里，穿孔和纹身风靡于所有文化环境，如今十分之一的欧洲人都有穿孔。纹身通常局限于身体其他部位，而穿孔在耳部、鼻子、嘴唇和舌头等面部部位很常见。穿孔后出现并发症并不罕见。感染可迅速蔓延至耳廓软骨，需要使用抗生素治疗，且往往还需手术治疗。轻微创伤（如耳垂穿孔）可因成纤维细胞增殖导致过度瘢痕形成。瘢痕疙瘩的复发率特别高，因此难以治疗。由于纹眉领域的最新进展，纹身技术也越来越多地应用于头颈部区域。在此，可能会出现感染或过敏反应等并发症。局部用药或激光治疗是常用的治疗选择。
