Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia.
School of Health & Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia.
Hum Psychopharmacol. 2020 Mar;35(2):e2723. doi: 10.1002/hup.2723. Epub 2020 Feb 5.
Benzodiazepines impair driving ability and psychomotor function. Eyelid parameters accurately reflect drowsiness; however, the effects of benzodiazepines on these measures have not been extensively studied. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of benzodiazepines on eyelid parameters and evaluate their accuracy for detecting psychomotor impairment.
Eyelid parameters were recorded during a psychomotor vigilance task (PVT) and driving simulation over 2 days, baseline, and after 20-mg oral temazepam. The utility of eyelid parameters for detecting PVT lapses was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic curves, and cut-off levels indicating impairment (≥1 and ≥2 PVT lapses per min) were identified. The accuracy of these cut-off levels for detecting driving simulator crashes was then examined.
PVT and driving simulator performance was significantly impaired following benzodiazepine administration (p < .05). Average eyelid closure duration (inter-event duration) was a reliable indicator of PVT lapses (area under the curve [AUC] of 0.87-0.90). The cut-off value of eyelid closure duration derived from PVT AUC was able to predict driving simulator crashes with moderately high sensitivity and specificity (76.23% and 75.00%).
Eyelid parameters were affected by benzodiazepines and accurately detected the psychomotor impairment. In particular, eyelid closure duration is a promising real-time indicator of benzodiazepine impairment.
苯二氮䓬类药物会损害驾驶能力和精神运动功能。眼睑参数能准确反映困倦程度；然而，苯二氮䓬类药物对这些指标的影响尚未得到广泛研究。本研究旨在探讨苯二氮䓬类药物对眼睑参数的影响，并评估其检测精神运动障碍的准确性。
在 2 天的基础上，通过精神运动警觉任务（PVT）和驾驶模拟记录眼睑参数，以及在口服 20 毫克替马西泮后。使用受试者工作特征曲线评估眼睑参数检测 PVT 失误的效用，并确定指示损伤的截止水平（≥1 和≥2 PVT 每分钟失误）。然后检查这些截止水平检测驾驶模拟器崩溃的准确性。
苯二氮䓬类药物给药后 PVT 和驾驶模拟器性能明显受损（p < 0.05）。平均眼睑闭合持续时间（事件间持续时间）是 PVT 失误的可靠指标（曲线下面积 [AUC] 为 0.87-0.90）。从 PVT AUC 得出的眼睑闭合持续时间的截止值能够以中等的灵敏度和特异性（76.23%和 75.00%）预测驾驶模拟器崩溃。
眼睑参数受苯二氮䓬类药物的影响，并准确检测到精神运动障碍。特别是，眼睑闭合持续时间是苯二氮䓬类药物损伤的有前途的实时指标。
