Lee Yong-Han, Bae Sanghyuk, Hwang Seung-Sik, Kim Jong-Hun, Kim Kyoung-Nam, Lim Youn-Hee, Kim Miji, Jung Sohwa, Kwon Ho-Jang
Department of Preventive Medicine, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea.
Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
J Prev Med Public Health. 2020 Jan;53(1):15-25. doi: 10.3961/jpmph.19.171. Epub 2019 Nov 26.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the health effects of air conditioning use during the 2018 heat wave in Korea, included the highest temperature ever recorded in the nation.
The participants in this study were 1000 adults aged 19 years and older recruited from across Korea. The participants were asked about their experience of symptoms of various diseases, disruptions of their daily lives, and use of air conditioning during the heat wave. The associations between air conditioning use during the heat wave and health outcomes were analyzed using the chi-square test and multiple logistic regression models.
Among participants who lacked air conditioning in the main space where they spent time outside the home, 33.9%, 8.1%, 43.5%, and 19.4% experienced symptoms of heat-related, cardiovascular, nervous system diseases, and air-conditioningitis, respectively. In comparison, participants who did have air conditioning outside the home experienced the same symptoms at proportions of 21.0%, 1.9%, 26.8%, and 34.2%, respectively (p=0.027, 0.007, 0.007, and 0.023, respectively). Among participants who had no air conditioner at home, 10.0% were absent from school or work due to the heat wave. In contrast, among participants who had an air conditioner at home, only 3.7% were absent as a result of the heat wave (p=0.007).
When air conditioning was not used at home or in the main space where participants spent time outside the home during the 2018 heat wave, adverse health effects were more prevalent, but the risk of air-conditioningitis was reduced.
本研究旨在调查2018年韩国热浪期间使用空调对健康的影响，此次热浪期间韩国出现了有记录以来的最高气温。
本研究的参与者为从韩国各地招募的1000名19岁及以上的成年人。参与者被问及他们出现各种疾病症状的经历、日常生活受到的干扰以及热浪期间使用空调的情况。使用卡方检验和多元逻辑回归模型分析热浪期间使用空调与健康结果之间的关联。
在家庭外主要活动空间没有空调的参与者中，分别有33.9%、8.1%、43.5%和19.4%的人出现了与热相关、心血管、神经系统疾病以及空调病的症状。相比之下，家庭外有空调的参与者出现相同症状的比例分别为21.0%、1.9%、26.8%和34.2%（p值分别为0.027、0.007、0.007和0.023）。在没有空调的家庭中，10.0%的参与者因热浪而缺勤或旷工。相比之下，在有空调的家庭中，只有3.7%的参与者因热浪而缺勤（p = 0.007）。
在2018年热浪期间，当在家中或参与者在家庭外主要活动空间未使用空调时，不良健康影响更为普遍，但空调病的风险降低。
