Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands.
Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands.
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Jan 31;21(3):939. doi: 10.3390/ijms21030939.
The embryo of an oocyte donation (OD) pregnancy is completely allogeneic to the mother, which leads to a more serious challenge for the maternal immune system to tolerize the fetus. It is thought that macrophages are essential in maintaining a healthy pregnancy, by acting in immunomodulation and spiral arterial remodeling. OD pregnancies represent an interesting model to study complex immunologic interactions between the fetus and the pregnant woman since the embryo is totally allogeneic compared to the mother. Here, we describe a narrative review on the role of macrophages and pregnancy and a systematic review was performed on the role of macrophages in OD pregnancies. Searches were made in different databases and the titles and abstracts were evaluated by three independent authors. In total, four articles were included on OD pregnancies and macrophages. Among these articles, some findings are conflicting between studies, indicating that more research is needed in this area. From current research, we could identify that there are multiple subtypes of macrophages, having diverse biological effects, and that the ratio between subtypes is altered during gestation and in aberrant pregnancy. The study of macrophages' phenotypes and their functions in OD pregnancies might be beneficial to better understand the maternal-fetal tolerance system.
卵母细胞捐赠 (OD) 妊娠的胚胎与母亲完全是同种异体的，这导致母体免疫系统更严重地挑战耐受胎儿。人们认为巨噬细胞在维持健康妊娠方面至关重要，通过免疫调节和螺旋动脉重塑来发挥作用。OD 妊娠是研究胎儿和孕妇之间复杂免疫相互作用的一个有趣模型，因为与母亲相比，胚胎完全是同种异体的。在这里，我们描述了关于巨噬细胞和妊娠作用的叙述性综述，并对巨噬细胞在 OD 妊娠中的作用进行了系统评价。在不同的数据库中进行了搜索，并由三位独立作者评估标题和摘要。总共纳入了 4 篇关于 OD 妊娠和巨噬细胞的文章。在这些文章中，一些研究结果在研究之间存在冲突，表明该领域需要更多的研究。从目前的研究中，我们可以确定存在多种巨噬细胞亚型，具有不同的生物学效应，并且在妊娠和异常妊娠期间，亚型之间的比例发生改变。研究巨噬细胞表型及其在 OD 妊娠中的功能可能有助于更好地理解母胎耐受系统。
