Matsuda Ikki, Ihobe Hiroshi, Tashiro Yasuko, Yumoto Takakazu, Baranga Deborah, Hashimoto Chie
Chubu University Academy of Emerging Sciences, 1200, Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai-shi, Aichi, 487-8501, Japan.
Wildlife Research Center of Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
Primates. 2020 May;61(3):473-484. doi: 10.1007/s10329-020-00794-6. Epub 2020 Feb 5.
One of the goals for primate feeding ecology is to understand the factors that affect inter- and intra-specific variations. Therefore, a detailed description of basic feeding ecology in as many populations as possible is necessary and warrants further understanding. The black-and-white colobus (Colobus guereza) or guereza is widely distributed in Africa and is one of the well-studied colobines in terms of their feeding; they demonstrate considerable variation in their diets in response to local conditions. We studied the diet of a group of guerezas in the Kalinzu Forest, Uganda, for over 30 consecutive months using behavioral observation (4308 h in total), phenology, and vegetation surveys. A total of 31 plant species were consumed by the study group. This study group was predominantly folivorous; the majority of their feeding time was involved in feeding on young leaves (87%). However, during certain times of the year, fruits and seeds accounted for 45% of monthly feeding time. Young leaves of Celtis durandii were by far the most important food, which constituted 58% of the total feeding records. There was a significant increase in the consumption of fruits and flowers once young leaf availability was low, but their consumption of fruits did not significantly increase even when fruit availability was high. Their monthly dietary diversity increased as the number of available plants with young leaves declined, suggesting that much of the dietary diversity in the study group may be attributable to the young leaf portion of their diet. Our findings may help contribute to a better understanding of the dietary adaptations and feeding ecology of guerezas in response to local environmental conditions.
灵长类动物觅食生态学的目标之一是了解影响种间和种内变异的因素。因此，有必要尽可能详细地描述尽可能多的种群的基本觅食生态学，并值得进一步研究。黑白疣猴（Colobus guereza）在非洲广泛分布，是在觅食方面研究较为深入的疣猴之一；它们的饮食会根据当地条件表现出相当大的差异。我们连续30多个月对乌干达卡林祖森林中的一群黑白疣猴的饮食进行了研究，采用行为观察（总共4308小时）、物候学和植被调查。研究群体总共食用了31种植物。这个研究群体主要以树叶为食；它们大部分的进食时间都用于食用嫩叶（87%）。然而，在一年中的某些时候，水果和种子占每月进食时间的45%。杜氏朴树的嫩叶是迄今为止最重要的食物，占总进食记录的58%。一旦嫩叶供应量减少，水果和花朵的消耗量就会显著增加，但即使水果供应量很高，它们对水果的消耗量也没有显著增加。随着有嫩叶的可用植物数量减少，它们每月的饮食多样性增加，这表明研究群体的大部分饮食多样性可能归因于其饮食中的嫩叶部分。我们的研究结果可能有助于更好地理解黑白疣猴在应对当地环境条件时的饮食适应性和觅食生态学。
