School of Psychology, Keynes College, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, CT2 7NP, UK.
Department of Psychology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
Arch Sex Behav. 2020 Jul;49(5):1505-1516. doi: 10.1007/s10508-019-01588-8. Epub 2020 Feb 5.
Research suggests that humans can communicate emotional states (e.g., fear, sadness) via chemosignals. However, thus far little is known about whether sexual arousal can also be conveyed through chemosignals and how these signals might influence the receiver. In three experiments, and a subsequent mini meta-analysis, support was found for the hypothesis that men can process the scent of sexually aroused women and that exposure to these sexual chemosignals affect the subsequent perceptions and sexual motivation of men. Specifically, Experiment 1 revealed that men evaluate the axillary sweat of sexually aroused women as more attractive, compared to the scent of the same women when not sexually aroused. In addition, Experiment 2 showed that exposure to sexual chemosignals increased the men's sexual arousal. Experiment 3 found support for the thesis that exposure to sexual chemosignals would increase sexual motivation. As predicted, men devoted greater attention to and showed greater interest in mating with women who displayed sexual cues (e.g., scantily dressed, in seductive poses). By contrast, exposure to the sexual chemosignals did not alter males' attention and mating interest toward women who displayed no sexual cues. It is discussed how sexual chemosignals may function as an additional channel in the communication of sexual interest and how contextual factors can influence the dynamics of human sexual communication.
研究表明，人类可以通过化学信号传递情绪状态（例如，恐惧、悲伤）。然而，到目前为止，人们对于性唤起是否也可以通过化学信号传递，以及这些信号如何影响接收者，知之甚少。在三项实验中，以及随后的小型元分析中，支持了这样一种假设，即男性可以处理性唤起女性的气味，并且暴露于这些性化学信号会影响男性随后的感知和性动机。具体来说，实验 1 表明，与性唤起女性的气味相比，男性会评估性唤起女性腋窝的汗水更具吸引力。此外，实验 2 表明，暴露于性化学信号会增加男性的性唤起。实验 3 发现了暴露于性化学信号会增加性动机的论点的支持。正如预测的那样，男性会更加关注并对展示性暗示（例如，穿着暴露、性感姿势）的女性表现出更大的性兴趣。相比之下，暴露于性化学信号并不会改变男性对没有性暗示的女性的注意力和交配兴趣。本文讨论了性化学信号如何作为传达性兴趣的另一个渠道发挥作用，以及情境因素如何影响人类性交流的动态。
