Latino Alcohol and Health Disparities Research and Training Center, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Texas at El Paso, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA.
Health Behavior Research & Training Institute, Steve Hicks School of Social Work, The University of Texas at Austin, 1925 San Jacinto Blvd, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2020 Mar 1;208:107792. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.107792. Epub 2019 Dec 11.
The TIP (Traumatic Injury Prevention) Project evaluated the impact on post-injury drug use of two brief motivational interventions compared to brief advice (BA) among injured patients who use drugs.
Three-group, single blind, randomized controlled trial in a Level 1Trauma Center enrolled 395 admitted patients with drug positive toxicology screen or verbal report of drug use in the previous 30 days. 34% were Hispanic, 45% non-Hispanic White, 16% non-Hispanic Black. 88% smoked marijuana, 28% used cocaine and 11% prescription opioids. Brief Advice (BA) provided advice to abstain from drugs, educational materials and referral to community resources. Brief Motivational Intervention (BMI) additionally included a 30-45 minute session, with assessment feedback, based on motivational interviewing. BMI + B included a telephone booster 4-weeks post-intervention. Drug use as measured by percent days abstinent and total abstinence, derived from the Timeline Follow back was the primary outcome.
A significant reduction from baseline was observed at 3, 6, and 12 months in the primary outcomes of any drug use (excluding alcohol); cannabis and cocaine, the most frequently used drugs, were analyzed individually. There were no between group differences or group X time interactions. Similarly, there were no between groups differences on secondary outcomes including perceived health status, re-injury, arrest, incarceration, alcohol and drug treatment, employment, AA attendance, homelessness, physical abuse, and problems associated with alcohol and drug use.
The study does not support use of these enhanced motivational interventions over brief advice for trauma patients with a positive screen for drug use.
TIP（创伤预防）项目评估了两种简短动机干预措施对受伤患者在受伤后药物使用的影响，这些患者在过去 30 天内有药物阳性毒理学筛查或药物使用的口头报告。
在一家 1 级创伤中心进行了三臂、单盲、随机对照试验，共纳入 395 名入院患者，他们的毒理学筛查呈阳性或在过去 30 天内有药物使用的口头报告。34%为西班牙裔，45%为非西班牙裔白人，16%为非西班牙裔黑人。88%吸食大麻，28%使用可卡因，11%使用处方类阿片类药物。简短建议（BA）提供了关于戒断药物、教育材料和转介社区资源的建议。简短动机干预（BMI）另外还包括一个 30-45 分钟的会议，根据动机访谈进行评估反馈。BMI+B 在干预后 4 周进行电话强化。使用时间跟踪法评估的药物使用情况（包括百分比的无毒品使用天数和完全无毒品使用天数）是主要结果。
在 3、6 和 12 个月时，主要结果（不包括酒精）中任何药物使用（包括酒精）的基线都有显著减少；分析了最常使用的药物大麻和可卡因。组间没有差异或组间时间交互作用。同样，在次要结果（包括感知健康状况、再受伤、被捕、监禁、酒精和药物治疗、就业、AA 出席率、无家可归、身体虐待以及与酒精和药物使用相关的问题）上也没有组间差异。
该研究不支持对药物使用阳性筛查的创伤患者使用这些强化动机干预措施，而不是简短建议。
