Pullinger A G, Seligman D A, Solberg W K
Section of Gnathology and Occlusion, University of California, Los Angeles, School of Dentistry.
J Prosthet Dent. 1988 Feb;59(2):228-35. doi: 10.1016/0022-3913(88)90019-4.
Freshman dental and dental hygiene students, 120 men and 102 women (mean age 23.9 years), were assessed for the presence of masticatory pain or dysfunction by questionnaire, clinical examination, and evaluation of dental casts according to strict criteria. The purpose was to identify and analyze the level of signs and symptoms in a nonpatient population and describe occlusal variation. The prevalence of TMJ signs and symptoms was notable even though two thirds reported only mild or early symptoms, with only 3% reporting severe symptoms. This population was noted for the absence of locking, the low frequency of severe pain or severe TMJ dysfunction, and the low prevalence of restricted ranges of mandibular movement and TMJ crepitation. Women showed significantly more headache, TMJ clicking and tenderness, and muscle tenderness than men. Men were noted for the absence of severe and widespread muscle tenderness and severe TMJ tenderness. TMJ clicking was not always clinically confirmable in subjects with widespread muscle tenderness. This group was considered compatible with previous epidemiologic findings, and also matches the age range of most subjects seeking treatment for TMJ disorders. Therefore, the subjects in the study were considered a representative group of young adults and suitable for study of the possible associations between early signs of TMJ disorders and variables of morphologic malocclusion, which are discussed in Parts II and III of this article.
对120名男性和102名女性（平均年龄23.9岁）的大一牙科和口腔卫生专业学生，通过问卷调查、临床检查以及根据严格标准对牙模进行评估，以确定是否存在咀嚼疼痛或功能障碍。目的是识别和分析非患者人群中的体征和症状水平，并描述咬合变化。尽管三分之二的人仅报告有轻度或早期症状，只有3%的人报告有严重症状，但颞下颌关节体征和症状的患病率仍很显著。该人群的特点是没有锁结现象，严重疼痛或严重颞下颌关节功能障碍的发生率低，下颌运动受限范围和颞下颌关节摩擦音的患病率低。女性出现头痛、颞下颌关节弹响和压痛以及肌肉压痛的情况明显多于男性。男性的特点是没有严重且广泛的肌肉压痛和严重的颞下颌关节压痛。在有广泛肌肉压痛的受试者中，颞下颌关节弹响并非总能在临床上得到证实。该组被认为与先前的流行病学研究结果相符，并且也与大多数寻求颞下颌关节疾病治疗的受试者的年龄范围相匹配。因此，本研究中的受试者被认为是年轻成年人的代表性群体，适合用于研究颞下颌关节疾病早期体征与形态错合变量之间可能存在的关联，本文第二部分和第三部分将对此进行讨论。
