Chellaiyan Vinoth G, Liaquathali Fasna, Marudupandiyan Jasmine
Department of Community Medicine, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Ammapettai, Kancheepuram, Tamil Nadu, India.
Department of Community Medicine, Shri Sathya Sai Medical College, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (SBV)- Deemed to be University, Ammapettai, Kancheepuram, Tamil Nadu, India.
J Family Community Med. 2020 Jan-Apr;27(1):1-7. doi: 10.4103/jfcm.JFCM_5_19. Epub 2020 Jan 13.
Appropriate infant feeding is crucial for the improvement of child survival worldwide. This review aimed to explore the recommended practices, advantages of breastfeeding, and age-appropriate complementary feeding practices. Colostrum, which serves as the first immunization for the newborn, is largely ignored owing to the various myths surrounding it in developing countries. The World Health Organization recommends an early initiation of breastfeeding within one hour of birth and exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months to combat killer diseases such as diarrheal diseases, pneumonia, and obesity. On the other hand, complementary feeding is recommended with increase in the diversity, quantity, consistency and frequency as the child gets older along with continued breastfeeding for 12 months. Inappropriate complementary feeding is one of the major causes of malnutrition in children under the age of 5 years. Hence, appropriate guidance should be given to caregivers and health-care workers to help them promote the healthy growth of infants and young children.
适当的婴儿喂养对于提高全球儿童存活率至关重要。本综述旨在探讨推荐的做法、母乳喂养的优势以及适合年龄段的辅食添加做法。初乳作为新生儿的第一道免疫防线，在发展中国家因围绕它的各种误解而 largely 被忽视。世界卫生组织建议在出生后一小时内尽早开始母乳喂养，并进行6个月的纯母乳喂养，以对抗诸如腹泻病、肺炎和肥胖等致命疾病。另一方面，随着孩子长大，建议添加辅食，同时增加食物的多样性、数量、稠度和喂食频率，并持续母乳喂养12个月。不适当的辅食添加是5岁以下儿童营养不良的主要原因之一。因此，应向照料者和医护人员提供适当指导，以帮助他们促进婴幼儿的健康成长。
