Saleh Farzana, Ara Ferdous, Hoque Md Asirul, Alam Md Safiul
J Health Popul Nutr. 2014 Mar;32(1):89-96.
Improper complementary feeding (CF) practice is one of the main reasons for malnutrition among Bangladeshi children aged less than two years. In this context, using the guidelines of the World Health Organization (WHO), this study assessed the CF practices among mothers in four selected slums (Tejgoan, Rayerbazar, Beribadh, and Jafrabad) of Dhaka city. This descriptive study, conducted during January-June 2010, included 120 mother-child pairs from the selected slums. Samples were selected conveniently, and the sociodemographic profiles of mothers in the four slums were similar. The mean (standard deviation) age of the children was 14.68 +/- 5.55 months. A questionnaire, developed following the guidelines of WHO for CF practices, was used for collecting data. Twenty-seven (23%) mothers were exclusively breastfeeding (EBF) their children. Among non-EBF mothers, 15 (16%) started CF after the recommended time. At 6-8 months of age, 2 (40%) of the EBF and 12 (67%) of the non-EBF mothers gave complementary foods twice a day to their children. In both the groups--9-11 months of age--about 70% mothers gave complementary foods twice a day to their children. The frequency of CF was acceptable (3 times a day) in 13 (81%) of the EBF and 32 (56%) of the non-EBF children at 12-23 months of age. Complementary foods given by 24 (89%) of the EBF and 86 (93%) of the non-EBF mothers to their children were not adequate in energy contents. Two (7%) EBF and 16 (17%) non-EBF mothers did not wash their hands after defaecation. Three (11%) EBF and 24 (26%) non-EBF mothers did not properly clean their hands and utensils before feeding. Nine (33%) EBF mothers did not wash their children's hands. Fifty (54%) non-EBF mothers also did not do this. Feeding with psychosocial care practices was not perfect in either of the groups. The findings showed that, according to the WHO guidelines, the CF practices among mothers of children aged less than two years were very poor in the selected slums of Dhaka city. These findings indicate that there is a considerable gap between the recommendations of WHO and the energy intake among this group of children.
不恰当的辅食喂养做法是导致孟加拉国两岁以下儿童营养不良的主要原因之一。在此背景下，本研究依据世界卫生组织（WHO）的指南，评估了达卡市四个选定贫民窟（Tejgoan、Rayerbazar、Beribadh和Jafrabad）中母亲的辅食喂养做法。这项描述性研究于2010年1月至6月进行，纳入了来自选定贫民窟的120对母婴。样本采用方便抽样选取，四个贫民窟中母亲的社会人口学特征相似。儿童的平均（标准差）年龄为14.68±5.55个月。使用一份依据WHO辅食喂养做法指南编制的问卷来收集数据。27名（23%）母亲对其子女进行纯母乳喂养（EBF）。在非纯母乳喂养的母亲中，15名（16%）在推荐时间之后开始辅食喂养。在6至8个月大时，2名（40%）纯母乳喂养母亲和12名（67%）非纯母乳喂养母亲每天给孩子喂两次辅食。在两个组中，9至11个月大的母亲中约70%每天给孩子喂两次辅食。在12至23个月大时，13名（81%）纯母乳喂养儿童和32名（56%）非纯母乳喂养儿童的辅食喂养频率（一天三次）是可接受的。24名（89%）纯母乳喂养母亲和86名（93%）非纯母乳喂养母亲给孩子的辅食能量含量不足。2名（7%）纯母乳喂养母亲和16名（17%）非纯母乳喂养母亲便后不洗手。3名（11%）纯母乳喂养母亲和24名（26%）非纯母乳喂养母亲在喂食前未正确清洁双手和餐具。9名（33%）纯母乳喂养母亲不给孩子洗手。50名（54%）非纯母乳喂养母亲也不这样做。两组中伴有心理社会关怀做法的喂养都不完善。研究结果表明，根据WHO指南，达卡市选定贫民窟中两岁以下儿童母亲的辅食喂养做法非常差。这些结果表明，WHO的建议与这组儿童的能量摄入之间存在相当大的差距。
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