Department of Health, Exercise Science, & Recreation Management, Kevser Ermin Applied Physiology Laboratory, The University of Mississippi, Oxford, Mississippi.
Faculty of Physical Education and Dance, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil.
Am J Hum Biol. 2020 Nov;32(6):e23401. doi: 10.1002/ajhb.23401. Epub 2020 Feb 7.
To compare the orofacial muscle strength and facial muscle thickness between resistance-trained and non-resistance trained men and women.
Resistance-trained (25 men and 22 women) and non-resistance trained (21 men and 30 women) adults (18-40 years) had standard measurements of orofacial muscle strength (ie, anterior tongue elevation, cheek compression, and lip compression) and ultrasound measurements of facial muscle thickness. Body composition (percent fat, etc.) was estimated using ultrasound prediction Equations. A Bayesian analysis of variance (ANOVA) with between subject factors of training status (yes/no) and sex (man/woman) were used to determine differences in muscle size and strength.
Body mass, height, and percent fat were similar between resistance-trained and non-resistance trained individuals, while appendicular lean mass was higher in resistance-trained. There were no differences in orofacial muscle strength between resistance-trained and non-resistance trained. However, men had greater strength in every task except for anterior tongue strength which was similar between sexes (men: 66 vs women: 64 kPa). Handgrip strength was greater in men and in those who were resistance-trained. The frontalis muscle was greater in women than in men and in those who were non-resistance-trained than those resistance-trained. None of the other muscles differed by training status, however, all were greater in men.
Results from our cross-sectional study would suggest that exercise-stimulation to the facial muscles during resistance training of the limbs and trunk did not reach a level where orofacial muscle strength could be changed. Sex differences in facial muscle thickness are very unique, although the reasons are unclear.
比较抗阻训练与非抗阻训练男性和女性的口颌肌肉力量和面部肌肉厚度。
对成人（18-40 岁）进行标准的口颌肌肉力量测量（即舌前抬高、颊部压缩和唇部压缩）和面部肌肉厚度的超声测量，这些成人分为抗阻训练组（25 名男性和 22 名女性）和非抗阻训练组（21 名男性和 30 名女性）。使用超声预测方程估计体成分（如体脂百分比等）。采用贝叶斯方差分析（ANOVA），以受试者因素（是/否）和性别（男/女）为自变量，确定肌肉大小和力量的差异。
抗阻训练和非抗阻训练个体的体重、身高和体脂百分比相似，而抗阻训练者的四肢瘦体重较高。抗阻训练和非抗阻训练之间的口颌肌肉力量没有差异。然而，除了舌前力量（男性：66kPa 对女性：64kPa）相似外，男性在每个任务中的力量都更大（男性：66 对女性：64kPa）。握力在男性和抗阻训练者中更大。额肌在女性中大于男性，在非抗阻训练者中大于抗阻训练者。然而，没有任何其他肌肉的力量因训练状态而不同，但所有肌肉的力量都在男性中更大。
我们的横断面研究结果表明，四肢和躯干抗阻训练对面部肌肉的运动刺激没有达到改变口颌肌肉力量的程度。面部肌肉厚度的性别差异非常独特，尽管原因尚不清楚。
