Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Harborne Building, Reading RG6 6AS, UK.
Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Harborne Building, Reading RG6 6AS, UK.
Sci Total Environ. 2020 May 1;715:136815. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136815. Epub 2020 Jan 24.
Investigations into the impact of micro plastics (MP) and microfibers (MFs) upon the freshwater aquatic environment are still in their infancy despite our growing awareness of their importance. Gammarus pulex have long been used as a study organism for ecotoxicology and several studies have already used them to investigate the impact of MFs. One area of research which has not been exploited is the extent to which G. pulex can detect MFs and whether or not they avoid eating them. To answer this question we developed a reliable and accurate method of exposing Gammarus to known amounts of MF embedded in algal wafers. Here we show that when given the choice between control wafers and those contaminated with 2% or 3% MF Gammarus ingest fewer MF than would be expected if a random choice was made (2% W = 7 P = 0.01698, 3% W = 13 P = 0.03397). Their feeding behaviour also changes, with a significant reduction in time feeding (F = 21.3 P = 0.0002) as well as significantly fewer visits to contaminated wafers (F = 5.312 P = 0.0333). This suggests that G. pulex are able to detect MF in the 200-500 μm range and are partially repelled by them.
尽管我们越来越意识到微塑料(MP)和微纤维(MFs)的重要性,但对其在淡水水生环境中的影响的研究仍处于起步阶段。爪蟾一直被用作生态毒理学的研究生物,并且已经有多项研究使用它们来研究 MFs 的影响。一个尚未开发的研究领域是爪蟾能够检测到 MFs 的程度,以及它们是否避免食用它们。为了回答这个问题,我们开发了一种可靠且准确的方法,将爪蟾暴露于嵌入藻类薄片中的已知数量的 MF 中。在这里,我们表明,当在对照薄片和污染有 2%或 3% MF 的薄片之间进行选择时,爪蟾摄入的 MF 少于随机选择时预期的数量(2% W=7 P=0.01698,3% W=13 P=0.03397)。它们的进食行为也发生了变化,进食时间明显减少(F=21.3 P=0.0002),并且访问污染薄片的次数明显减少(F=5.312 P=0.0333)。这表明爪蟾能够检测到 200-500 μm 范围内的 MF,并对其部分排斥。