Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, 8049 Bodø, Norway.
Noto Marine Laboratory, Division of Marine Environmental Studies, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Noto-Cho, Ishikawa 927-0553, Japan.
Mar Drugs. 2020 Feb 4;18(2):102. doi: 10.3390/md18020102.
The mucus of fish skin plays a vital role in innate immune defense. Some mucus proteins have the potential to incapacitate pathogens and/or inhibit their passage through the skin. In this study the aim was to isolate and characterize galectin(s), β-galactosides binding proteins, present in skin mucus. A novel short form of galectin-3 was isolated from Atlantic salmon skin mucus by α-lactose agarose based affinity chromatography followed by Sephadex G-15 gel filtration. Mass spectrometric analysis showed that the isolated protein was the C-terminal half of galectin-3 (galectin-3C). Galectin-3C showed calcium independent and lactose inhabitable hemagglutination, and agglutinated the Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria . Galectin-3 mRNA was highly expressed in skin and gill, followed by muscle, hindgut, spleen, stomach, foregut, head kidney, and liver. incubated with galectin-3C had a modified proteome. Proteins with changed abundance included multidrug transporter and three ribosomal proteins L7/12, S2, and S13. Overall, this study shows the isolation and characterization of a novel galectin-3 short form involved in pathogen recognition and modulation, and hence in immune defense of Atlantic salmon.
鱼皮黏液在先天免疫防御中起着至关重要的作用。一些黏液蛋白具有使病原体失活和/或抑制其穿过皮肤的潜力。本研究旨在从大西洋三文鱼皮肤黏液中分离和鉴定β-半乳糖苷结合蛋白即半乳糖凝集素。通过基于α-乳糖琼脂糖的亲和层析和 Sephadex G-15 凝胶过滤，从大西洋三文鱼皮肤黏液中分离到一种新型短型半乳糖凝集素-3。质谱分析表明，分离到的蛋白是半乳糖凝集素-3 的 C 端半（半乳糖凝集素-3C）。半乳糖凝集素-3C 具有钙离子非依赖性和乳糖不可结合性的血凝作用，并凝集革兰氏阴性病原菌。半乳糖凝集素-3 mRNA 在皮肤和鳃中高度表达，其次是肌肉、后肠、脾脏、胃、前肠、头肾和肝脏。与半乳糖凝集素-3C 孵育的蛋白组发生了改变。丰度发生变化的蛋白包括多药转运蛋白和三个核糖体蛋白 L7/12、S2 和 S13。总的来说，本研究表明，一种新型的参与病原体识别和调节的半乳糖凝集素-3 短型的分离和鉴定，因此是大西洋三文鱼免疫防御的关键。
