Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy.
Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy.
Cells. 2020 Feb 5;9(2):369. doi: 10.3390/cells9020369.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play an important role in cell-to-cell communication by delivering coding and non-coding RNA species and proteins to target cells. Recently, the therapeutic potential of EVs has been shown to extend to the field of solid organ transplantations. Mesenchymal stromal cell-derived EVs (MSC-EVs) in particular have been proposed as a new tool to improve graft survival, thanks to the modulation of tolerance toward the graft, and to their anti-fibrotic and pro-angiogenic effects. Moreover, MSC-EVs may reduce ischemia reperfusion injury, improving the recovery from acute damage. In addition, EVs currently considered helpful tools for preserving donor organs when administered before transplant in the context of hypothermic or normothermic perfusion machines. The addition of EVs to the perfusion solution, recently proposed for kidney, lung, and liver grafts, resulted in the amelioration of donor organ viability and functionality. EVs may therefore be of therapeutic interest in different aspects of the transplantation process for increasing the number of available organs and improving their long-term survival.
细胞外囊泡 (EVs) 通过向靶细胞递送电码和非电码 RNA 种类和蛋白质，在细胞间通讯中发挥着重要作用。最近，EVs 的治疗潜力已被证明扩展到实体器官移植领域。间充质基质细胞衍生的 EVs (MSC-EVs) 特别被提出作为一种新工具，通过调节对移植物的耐受性以及其抗纤维化和促血管生成作用，来提高移植物的存活率。此外，MSC-EVs 可以减少缺血再灌注损伤，改善急性损伤的恢复。此外，当在低温或常温灌注机器中进行移植前给予时，EVs 目前被认为是保存供体器官的有用工具。最近提出将 EVs 添加到灌注溶液中，可改善肾、肺和肝移植物的供体器官活力和功能。因此，EVs 可能在移植过程的不同方面具有治疗意义，以增加可用器官的数量并提高其长期存活率。
