Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBERFES, ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Mar 7;24(6):5102. doi: 10.3390/ijms24065102.
Solid organ transplantation (SOT) is a life-saving treatment for end-stage organ failure, but it comes with several challenges, the most important of which is the existing gap between the need for transplants and organ availability. One of the main concerns in this regard is the lack of accurate non-invasive biomarkers to monitor the status of a transplanted organ. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have recently emerged as a promising source of biomarkers for various diseases. In the context of SOT, EVs have been shown to be involved in the communication between donor and recipient cells and may carry valuable information about the function of an allograft. This has led to an increasing interest in exploring the use of EVs for the preoperative assessment of organs, early postoperative monitoring of graft function, or the diagnosis of rejection, infection, ischemia-reperfusion injury, or drug toxicity. In this review, we summarize recent evidence on the use of EVs as biomarkers for these conditions and discuss their applicability in the clinical setting.
实体器官移植（SOT）是治疗终末期器官衰竭的救命疗法，但它也带来了一些挑战，其中最重要的是移植需求与器官供应之间存在差距。在这方面，主要关注的问题之一是缺乏准确的非侵入性生物标志物来监测移植器官的状况。细胞外囊泡（EVs）最近成为各种疾病生物标志物的有前途的来源。在 SOT 背景下，已经表明 EVs 参与供体和受体细胞之间的通信，并且可能携带有关同种异体移植物功能的有价值信息。这导致人们越来越有兴趣探索使用 EVs 进行器官的术前评估、术后早期监测移植物功能，或诊断排斥反应、感染、缺血再灌注损伤或药物毒性。在这篇综述中，我们总结了最近关于将 EVs 用作这些疾病生物标志物的证据，并讨论了它们在临床环境中的适用性。
