Dodowa Health Research Centre, Dodowa, Ghana.
Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Parktown, South Africa.
Int Breastfeed J. 2020 Feb 7;15(1):7. doi: 10.1186/s13006-020-0253-6.
The health benefits of exclusive breastfeeding practices in both the short and long term accrue to breastfed infants, mothers, families and the society at large. Despite the evidence of these benefits and adoption of various World Health Organization (WHO) strategies on promotion of exclusive breastfeeding by Ghana, the increase in the rate of exclusive breastfeeding has been very slow in the country. This study aimed to estimate the rate and investigate socio-economic and demographic determinants of 6 months exclusive breastfeeding in two rural districts in Southern Ghana.
Pregnancy, childbirth, breastfeeding, demographic and socioeconomic information of 1870 women who were prospectively registered by the Dodowa Health and Demographic Surveillance System and gave birth between 1 January 2011 and 31 December 2013 was extracted. The proportion of 6 months exclusive breastfeeding among the study participants was estimated and the relationship between the dependent and the independent variables were explored using logistics regression model at 95% confidence level.
The proportion of mothers who exclusive breastfed for 6 months in the study was 71.0%. Mothers aged 25-29 and 30 + years are 93 and 91% respectively more likely to practice 6 months exclusive breastfeeding compared to those aged < 20 years (OR 1.93, 95% CI 1.25, 2.99, OR 1.91, 95% CI 1.91, 3.08). The odds of artisan mothers practicing 6 months exclusive breastfeeding is 36% less likely compared to those unemployed (OR 0.64, 95% CI 0.43, 0.96). There is a higher chance that 45% of mothers with a household size of more than five members to practice exclusive breastfeeding compared to those with household size of less than six (OR 1.45, 95% CI 1.16, 1.81). Women in the fishing district were 85% less likely to practice 6 months exclusive breastfeeding compared to those in farming district (OR 0.15, 95% CI 0.12, 0.20).
There is high rate of exclusive breastfeeding in the study area. Maternal age, type of occupation, household size and district of residence are determinants of 6 months exclusive breastfeeding among the study participants.
纯母乳喂养对婴儿、母亲、家庭和整个社会都有短期和长期的健康益处。尽管有这些益处的证据，并采取了世界卫生组织（WHO）促进加纳纯母乳喂养的各种策略，但该国纯母乳喂养率的增长非常缓慢。本研究旨在估计在加纳南部两个农村地区 6 个月纯母乳喂养的比例，并调查其社会经济和人口决定因素。
从多哥健康和人口监测系统前瞻性登记的 1870 名妇女的妊娠、分娩、母乳喂养、人口和社会经济信息中提取了数据。研究参与者中 6 个月纯母乳喂养的比例进行了估计，并在 95%置信水平下使用逻辑回归模型探讨了因变量和自变量之间的关系。
在研究中，6 个月纯母乳喂养的母亲比例为 71.0%。与年龄<20 岁的母亲相比，25-29 岁和 30 岁及以上的母亲分别有 93%和 91%的可能性进行 6 个月的纯母乳喂养（OR 1.93，95%CI 1.25，2.99，OR 1.91，95%CI 1.91，3.08）。与失业母亲相比，工匠母亲进行 6 个月纯母乳喂养的可能性低 36%（OR 0.64，95%CI 0.43，0.96）。与家庭规模小于 6 人的母亲相比，家庭规模超过 5 人的母亲更有可能进行纯母乳喂养，比例为 45%（OR 1.45，95%CI 1.16，1.81）。与农业区的母亲相比，渔业区的母亲进行 6 个月纯母乳喂养的可能性低 85%（OR 0.15，95%CI 0.12，0.20）。
该研究地区的纯母乳喂养率很高。母亲年龄、职业类型、家庭规模和居住地区是研究参与者中 6 个月纯母乳喂养的决定因素。
