Department of Psychology, University of Georgia.
Department of Psychology, Louisiana State University.
J Appl Psychol. 2020 Nov;105(11):1281-1307. doi: 10.1037/apl0000484. Epub 2020 Feb 10.
Scholarly interest in workaholism has increased dramatically in recent years. This research has underscored the detrimental effects of workaholism for employees, their families, and the organizations that employ them. Despite drastic improvements in the quality of studies examining workaholism over the past several decades, researchers continue to almost exclusively rely on older measures of workaholism or new measures derived from these original measures. In the present study, we outline why a new measure is needed and propose a multidimensional conceptualization of workaholism that encompasses motivational, cognitive, emotional, and behavioral dimensions. We then develop and validate a new multidimensional measure of workaholism: the Multidimensional Workaholism Scale (MWS). Evidence from 5 samples representing individuals working in a wide variety of occupations and industries throughout the United States (total N = 1,252) provides support that (a) our proposed 4-factor structure replicates and fits better than alternative models; (b) the measure demonstrates high reliability and content validity; (c) the measure demonstrates evidence for convergent and discriminant validity with constructs in workaholism's nomological network; (d) the measure demonstrates incremental validity in the prediction of important outcomes over and above prior measures of workaholism; and (e) the different dimensions demonstrate incremental validity in the prediction of specific outcomes over and above other dimensions of the MWS. Overall, results from the present study suggest that the MWS is a reliable and valid measure that can advance a more nuanced approach to research and practice relating to workaholism. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
近年来，学术界对工作狂的兴趣显著增加。这项研究强调了工作狂对员工、他们的家庭和雇佣他们的组织的不利影响。尽管过去几十年中研究工作狂的质量有了显著提高，但研究人员仍然几乎只依赖于旧的工作狂测量方法或从这些原始测量方法中衍生出来的新方法。在本研究中，我们概述了为什么需要一种新的测量方法，并提出了一种包含动机、认知、情感和行为维度的工作狂多维概念化。然后，我们开发并验证了一种新的工作狂多维测量方法：多维工作狂量表（MWS）。来自美国各地从事各种职业和行业的 5 个样本的证据（总 N = 1,252）表明：(a) 我们提出的 4 因素结构复制并优于替代模型；(b) 该测量方法具有较高的可靠性和内容效度；(c) 该测量方法与工作狂的范畴网络中的结构具有收敛和区分效度的证据；(d) 该测量方法在预测重要结果方面具有增量有效性，超过了之前的工作狂测量方法；(e) 不同的维度在预测特定结果方面具有增量有效性，超过了 MWS 的其他维度。总的来说，本研究的结果表明，MWS 是一种可靠有效的测量方法，可以推进更细致入微的方法来研究和实践与工作狂相关的问题。（PsycInfo 数据库记录（c）2020 APA，保留所有权利）。
