Andreassen Cecilie Schou, Griffiths Mark D, Hetland Jørn, Kravina Luca, Jensen Fredrik, Pallesen Ståle
Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; The Competence Center, Bergen Clinics Foundation, Bergen, Norway.
Psychology Division, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
PLoS One. 2014 Aug 13;9(8):e102446. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102446. eCollection 2014.
Workaholism has become an increasingly popular area for empirical study. However, most studies examining the prevalence of workaholism have used non-representative samples and measures with poorly defined cut-off scores. To overcome these methodological limitations, a nationally representative survey among employees in Norway (N = 1,124) was conducted. Questions relating to gender, age, marital status, caretaker responsibility for children, percentage of full-time equivalent, and educational level were asked. Workaholism was assessed by the use of a psychometrically validated instrument (i.e., Bergen Work Addiction Scale). Personality was assessed using the Mini-International Personality Item Pool. Results showed that the prevalence of workaholism was 8.3% (95% CI = 6.7-9.9%). An adjusted logistic regression analysis showed that workaholism was negatively related to age and positively related to the personality dimensions agreeableness, neuroticism, and intellect/imagination. Implications for these findings are discussed.
工作狂已成为实证研究中一个越来越热门的领域。然而,大多数考察工作狂患病率的研究使用的是非代表性样本以及截断分数定义不佳的测量方法。为克服这些方法上的局限性,在挪威对员工进行了一项具有全国代表性的调查(N = 1,124)。询问了有关性别、年龄、婚姻状况、对子女的照料责任、全职等效百分比以及教育水平的问题。通过使用一种经过心理测量学验证的工具(即卑尔根工作成瘾量表)来评估工作狂情况。使用迷你国际人格项目池来评估人格。结果显示,工作狂的患病率为8.3%(95%置信区间 = 6.7 - 9.9%)。经调整的逻辑回归分析表明,工作狂与年龄呈负相关,与宜人性、神经质和智力/想象力等人格维度呈正相关。讨论了这些发现的意义。