Department of Biotechnical System, Faculty of Biotechnical Systems Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Spaiul Independentei 313, Sector 6, RO-060042, 010164 Bucharest, Romania.
Ceprocim Sa-Strada Preciziei 6, RO-062203, 010164 Bucharest, Romania.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Feb 6;17(3):1019. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17031019.
From the available statistical data, cement factories co-process a range of over 100 types of waste (sorted both industrial and household) being authorized for their use as combustion components in clinker ovens. Therefore, the level of emissions is different depending on the type of fuels and waste used. The amount of industrial and municipal co-processed waste in the Romanian cement industry from 2004 to 2013 was about 1,500,000 tons, the equivalent of municipal waste generated in a year for 18 cities with over 250,000 inhabitants. The objective of this paper was to evaluate the emission level of hydrochloric acid (HCl) and hydrofluoric acid (HF) at the clinker kilns at two cement factories in Romania for different annual time intervals and to do a comparative analysis, to estimate their compliance with legislation in force. The measurements results showed average emission levels of about 0.578 mg/Nm for HCl and about 0.100 mg/Nm for HF, in the first hours of the evening, but decreased at the beginning of the third tour, at about 0.385 mg/Nm for HCl, respectively, to about 0.085 mg/Nm for HF. The evolution of HCl and HF emission levels during the last 4 years showed a variable distribution of these acids.
从可用的统计数据来看，水泥厂协同处理超过 100 种废物（包括工业和家庭废物），这些废物被授权作为熟料炉中的燃烧成分使用。因此，排放水平因使用的燃料和废物类型而异。2004 年至 2013 年，罗马尼亚水泥行业协同处理的工业和城市废物量约为 150 万吨，相当于 18 个拥有超过 25 万居民的城市一年产生的城市废物量。本文的目的是评估罗马尼亚两家水泥厂的熟料窑中盐酸（HCl）和氢氟酸（HF）的排放水平，针对不同的年度时间间隔进行评估，并进行比较分析，以评估其是否符合现行法规。测量结果显示，HCl 的平均排放水平约为 0.578 mg/Nm，HF 的平均排放水平约为 0.100 mg/Nm，均出现在傍晚的前几个小时，但在第三个班次开始时，HCl 的排放水平下降到约 0.385 mg/Nm，HF 的排放水平下降到约 0.085 mg/Nm。过去 4 年 HCl 和 HF 排放水平的变化表明，这些酸的分布是可变的。
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