Department of Health Policy and Management, University of Maryland College Park School of Public Health, 3310B SPH Bldg 255, 4200 Valley Drive, College Park, MD, 20742, USA.
Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Int J Equity Health. 2020 Feb 10;19(1):25. doi: 10.1186/s12939-020-1137-5.
Self-identified race/ethnicity is largely used to identify, monitor, and examine racial/ethnic inequalities. A growing body of work underscores the need to consider multiple dimensions of race - the social construction of race as a function of appearance, societal interactions, institutional dynamics, stereotypes, and social norms. One such multidimensional measure is socially-assigned race, the perception of one's race by others, that may serve as the basis for differential or unfair treatment and subsequently lead to deleterious health outcomes. We conducted a scoping review to systematically appraise the socially-assigned race and health literature. A systematic search of the PubMed, Web of Science, 28 EBSCO databases and 24 Proquest databases up to September 2019 was conducted and supplemented by a manual search of reference lists and grey literature. Quantitative and qualitative studies that examined socially-assigned race and health or health-related outcomes were considered for inclusion. Eighteen articles were included in the narrative synthesis. Self-rated health and mental health were among the most frequent outcomes studied. The majority of studies were conducted in the United States, with fewer studies conducted in New Zealand, Canada, and Latin America. While most studies demonstrate a positive association between social assignment as a disadvantaged racial or ethnic group and poorer health, some studies did not document an association. We describe key conceptual and methodological considerations that should be prioritized in future studies examining socially-assigned race and health. Socially-assigned race can provide additional insight into observed differential health outcomes among racial/ethnic groups in racialized societies based upon their lived experiences. Studies incorporating socially-assigned race warrants further investigation and may be leveraged to examine nuanced patterns of racial health advantage and disadvantage.
自报的种族/民族身份在很大程度上用于识别、监测和检查种族/民族不平等现象。越来越多的工作强调需要考虑种族的多个维度——种族是一种社会建构，其功能是外表、社会互动、制度动态、刻板印象和社会规范。其中一个多维衡量标准是社会分配的种族，即他人对一个人的种族的看法，这可能是差异化或不公平待遇的基础，并随后导致有害的健康结果。我们进行了范围综述，以系统地评估社会分配的种族和健康文献。对 PubMed、Web of Science、28 个 EBSCO 数据库和 24 个 Proquest 数据库进行了系统搜索，并对参考文献和灰色文献进行了手动搜索。纳入了研究社会分配种族与健康或与健康相关的结果的定量和定性研究。18 篇文章被纳入叙述性综合分析。自评健康和心理健康是研究最多的结果之一。大多数研究在美国进行，在新西兰、加拿大和拉丁美洲进行的研究较少。虽然大多数研究表明，社会认定为劣势种族或族裔群体与较差的健康状况之间存在正相关，但有些研究并未记录到这种关联。我们描述了在未来研究社会分配种族与健康时应优先考虑的关键概念和方法考虑因素。社会分配的种族可以根据种族化社会中种族/族裔群体的生活经历，提供对观察到的不同健康结果的额外见解。纳入社会分配种族的研究值得进一步调查，并可用于检查种族健康优势和劣势的细微模式。
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