School of Economics and Management, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China.
School of Mathematics and Finance, Chuzhou University, Chuzhou, 239000, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020 Apr;27(12):14160-14174. doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-07844-y. Epub 2020 Feb 10.
This paper proposes an ecological development efficiency index (EDEI) based on comprehensive metrics to measure the ecological efficiency and human development of the tropics and subtropics in China for the 2005-2016 period. In particular, the proposed index integrates the ecological footprint into the input metrics considering resource exploitation, carbon emission, and energy infrastructures. The traditional output factor, i.e., GDP, is substituted with the human development index to evaluate the local development quality on the basis of health, education, and income. It is observed that the EDEI of the tropics and subtropics in China grew slowly before stabilizing at approximately 0.92. Moreover, as shown in the Theil index analysis, the spatial heterogeneity of the EDEI in tropics and subtropics of China is increasing significantly. The EDEI of the eastern region of China is higher than that of the central region, and the EDEI of the western region is the lowest. Finally, based on the Tobit factor model, research density and urbanization are observed to be the keys to improving the EDEI for achieving sustainable growth.
本文提出了一个基于综合指标的生态发展效率指数（EDEI），用于衡量 2005-2016 年中国热带和亚热带地区的生态效率和人类发展水平。特别是，该指数将生态足迹纳入考虑资源开发、碳排放和能源基础设施的投入指标。传统的输出因素，即 GDP，被人类发展指数所取代，以评估基于健康、教育和收入的当地发展质量。结果表明，中国热带和亚热带地区的 EDEI 增长缓慢，然后稳定在 0.92 左右。此外，如 Theil 指数分析所示，中国热带和亚热带地区 EDEI 的空间异质性显著增加。中国东部地区的 EDEI 高于中部地区，西部地区的 EDEI 最低。最后，基于 Tobit 因子模型，研究密度和城市化被观察到是提高 EDEI 以实现可持续增长的关键。
