Goude G, Dori I, Sparacello V S, Starnini E, Varalli A
Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Minist Culture, LAMPEA, Aix-en-Provence, France.
Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, PACEA, UMR 5199, 33616, Pessac, France; Soprintendenza Archeologia, Belle Arti e Paesaggio per le province di Verona, Rovigo e Vicenza, Piazza S. Fermo 3, 37121, Verona, Italy; Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Italy.
Int J Paleopathol. 2020 Mar;28:99-111. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpp.2019.12.007. Epub 2020 Feb 7.
To reconstruct breastfeeding and weaning practices, metabolic stress including tuberculosis-induced wasting, and residential mobility of children in Neolithic and Metal Ages to infer their local ecologies.
Seven permanent teeth from individuals dated to the Neolithic, Copper, Bronze, and Iron Ages buried in nearby caves in western Liguria, Italy.
Carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur stable isotope analyses on dentine microsections. Tooth maturation was used to calculate age at death.
Two Neolithic children present longer pattern of weaning and appear to have been weaned using animal protein in contrast to the earlier weaning of Metal Ages children, which were probably weaned with vegetable resources. Sulfur isotopes suggest local origin of Neolithic and Cooper Age children, and non-local origins for Bronze and Iron Age children. Intense catabolism in the last two years is apparent in the adolescent with tuberculosis.
Shortening in weaning patterns during the Metal Ages are likely driven by the intensification of agricultural practices and cultivation of new crops during Bronze and Iron Ages. Neolithic food choices and delayed weaning patterns may represent one of the strategies to maximize growth and immune potential in a local economy/ecology with high-infectious load. Tuberculosis was a chronic and long-lasting disease.
The first combined carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur analysis on prehistoric dentine microsections revealing changing human life history adaptations within the same region.
Small sample size.
Increase the sulfur isotope dataset, use new EA-IRMS equipment, and provide data on amino acid to better define weaning food composition.
重建新石器时代和金属时代儿童的母乳喂养与断奶方式、包括结核病导致的消瘦在内的代谢应激以及居住流动性，以推断其当地生态环境。
来自意大利利古里亚西部附近洞穴中埋葬的新石器时代、铜器时代、青铜器时代和铁器时代个体的七颗恒牙。
对牙本质薄片进行碳、氮和硫稳定同位素分析。利用牙齿成熟度计算死亡年龄。
与金属时代儿童较早断奶不同，两名新石器时代儿童断奶时间较长，且似乎是通过动物蛋白断奶的，金属时代儿童可能是通过植物资源断奶的。硫同位素表明新石器时代和铜器时代儿童来自当地，而青铜器时代和铁器时代儿童来自非本地。患有结核病的青少年在过去两年中出现了强烈的分解代谢。
金属时代断奶模式的缩短可能是由青铜器时代和铁器时代农业实践的强化以及新作物的种植所驱动的。新石器时代的食物选择和延迟断奶模式可能是在高感染负荷的当地经济/生态环境中最大化生长和免疫潜力的策略之一。结核病是一种慢性且持久的疾病。
首次对史前牙本质薄片进行碳、氮和硫联合分析，揭示了同一地区人类生活史适应性的变化。
样本量小。
增加硫同位素数据集，使用新的元素分析仪-同位素比值质谱仪设备，并提供氨基酸数据以更好地确定断奶食物组成。
