Center for Injury Research and Policy, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital (E Auh, S Kistamgari, J Yang, and GA Smith), Columbus, Ohio; Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College (E Auh), Hanover, NH.
Center for Injury Research and Policy, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital (E Auh, S Kistamgari, J Yang, and GA Smith), Columbus, Ohio.
Acad Pediatr. 2020 May-Jun;20(4):540-548. doi: 10.1016/j.acap.2020.02.001. Epub 2020 Feb 7.
To investigate the characteristics and trends of facial burns among children.
Data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System database were retrospectively analyzed for children <20 years old treated in United States (US) emergency departments (EDs) from 2000 to 2018 and national facial burn estimates were calculated.
During 2000 to 2018, there were an estimated 203,180 children <20 years old treated in US EDs for facial burns, averaging 10,694 burns or 130 burns per million children annually. Boys accounted for 66.4% of cases, and 41.9% were patients <5 years old. The most common type of burn was thermal (51.9%), followed by scalds (30.7%). The 2 most common injury mechanisms were light/lit (22%) and spilled/splashed (15.1%). Fuels and fuel burning equipment (13.1%) were most commonly associated with burns. Overall, the number of facial burns decreased significantly by 53.1% during the 19-year study period with 6525 cases treated in 2018. Although the number of thermal and radiation burns decreased significantly by 69.6% and 63.5%, respectively, the number of scald burns remained relatively constant.
Although the number of children treated in US EDs for facial burns decreased significantly from 2000 to 2018, these injuries remain common. Contrary to the observed decline in thermal and radiation burns, scald burns did not demonstrate a significant temporal trend. These findings indicate a need for increased prevention efforts, especially focused on scalds. Because the type of burn, mechanisms involved, and consumer products associated with facial burns vary by age group, prevention strategies should be developmentally tailored.
探讨儿童面部烧伤的特点和趋势。
回顾性分析 2000 年至 2018 年期间美国（US）急诊科治疗的<20 岁儿童的国家电子伤害监测系统数据库数据，并计算全国面部烧伤的估计值。
2000 年至 2018 年期间，美国急诊科共治疗了约 203180 名<20 岁的儿童面部烧伤患者，平均每年每百万儿童发生 10694 次烧伤或 130 次烧伤。男孩占病例的 66.4%，41.9%为<5 岁的患儿。最常见的烧伤类型是热烧伤（51.9%），其次是烫伤（30.7%）。最常见的损伤机制是火焰/灯光（22%）和溅出/泼出（15.1%）。燃料和燃料燃烧设备（13.1%）与烧伤最常见相关。总体而言，在 19 年的研究期间，面部烧伤的数量显著减少了 53.1%，2018 年治疗了 6525 例。尽管热烧伤和辐射烧伤的数量分别显著减少了 69.6%和 63.5%，但烫伤烧伤的数量仍相对稳定。
尽管 2000 年至 2018 年期间美国急诊科治疗面部烧伤的儿童数量显著减少，但这些伤害仍然很常见。与观察到的热烧伤和辐射烧伤下降相反，烫伤烧伤没有表现出明显的时间趋势。这些发现表明需要加强预防工作，特别是针对烫伤烧伤。由于面部烧伤的烧伤类型、涉及的机制和与消费品相关的烧伤类型因年龄组而异，预防策略应根据发育阶段进行调整。
