Carneiro Ianei de Oliveira, Santos Norlan de Jesus, Silva Namá Santos, Lima Pedro Cerqueira, Meyer Roberto, Netto Eduardo Martins, Franke Carlos Roberto
School of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil.
Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil.
J Infect Dev Ctries. 2019 Apr 30;13(4):342-347. doi: 10.3855/jidc.10177.
Approximately 60% of emerging pathogens originate from wild animals, with mammals being the main hosts. Among Didelphis, which are restricted to the Americas, the species Didelphis aurita and Didelphis albiventris are particularly widely distributed throughout Brazil, where they act as hosts for several pathogens transmissible to humans. The reduction of their natural habitat has resulted in the adaptation of these species to human environments. Animals hunting, due to food necessity or cultural habit, may increase pathogen exposure with a potential to zoonotic disease transmission.
From November to December 2016, we administered semi-structured questionnaires in a rural community in northeastern Brazil to assess knowledge, practices and perceptions regarding human-didelphis interactions and possible exposure to zoonoses.
There were 213 respondents. Based on photographs of D. albiventris and D. aurita, 91.2% and 78% respondents, respectively, identified the animal by the popular name "sariguê", 61% (130/213) believed the animal could convey any disease, 4.7% stated they did not, and 34% did not know. Opossum meat consumption was reported by 20.2% (43/213), of which 58.1% admitted disease transmission possibility. Only 15.9% of respondents had a secondary or higher education level. The distribution of these frequencies is discussed according to the respondents educational level.
The results reveal the need to carry out health educational activities, including better community knowledge regarding the possible exposure to pathogens due to marsupial consumption.
大约60%的新兴病原体源自野生动物，其中哺乳动物是主要宿主。在仅分布于美洲的负鼠属动物中，巴西绵毛负鼠和白腹负鼠在巴西分布尤为广泛，它们是几种可传播给人类的病原体的宿主。其天然栖息地的减少导致这些物种适应了人类环境。由于食物需求或文化习惯而进行的动物捕猎，可能会增加病原体暴露，从而有传播人畜共患病的潜在风险。
2016年11月至12月，我们在巴西东北部的一个农村社区进行了半结构化问卷调查，以评估关于人类与负鼠互动以及可能接触人畜共患病的知识、做法和认知。
共有213名受访者。根据巴西绵毛负鼠和白腹负鼠的照片，分别有91.2%和78%的受访者通过俗称“沙里盖”认出了这种动物，61%（130/213）的人认为这种动物可能传播任何疾病，4.7%的人表示它们不会，34%的人不知道。据报告，20.2%（43/213）的受访者食用负鼠肉，其中58.1%的人承认有疾病传播的可能性。只有15.9%的受访者具有高中或更高学历。根据受访者的教育水平对这些频率分布进行了讨论。
结果表明有必要开展健康教育活动，包括让社区更好地了解因食用有袋动物而可能接触病原体的情况。
