Department of Traumatology, Siegfried Weller Institute, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Centre, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
Food Chem Toxicol. 2020 Apr;138:111188. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111188. Epub 2020 Feb 8.
Hepatotoxicity is among the most frequent reasons for drug withdrawal from the market. Therefore, there is an urgent need for reliable predictive in vitro tests, which unfailingly identify hepatotoxic drug candidates, reduce drug development time, expenses and the number of test animals. Currently, human hepatocytes represent the gold standard. However, the use of hepatocytes is challenging since the cells are not constantly available and lose their metabolic activity in culture. To solve these problems many different approaches have been developed in the past decades. The aim of this review is to present these approaches and to discuss the possibilities and limitations as well as future opportunities and directions.
肝毒性是药物从市场上撤出的最常见原因之一。因此，迫切需要可靠的体外预测测试，这些测试能毫不含糊地识别出肝毒性药物候选物，减少药物开发时间、费用和实验动物数量。目前，人肝细胞是金标准。然而，由于细胞并非随时可用且在培养过程中丧失代谢活性，因此使用肝细胞具有挑战性。为了解决这些问题，过去几十年已经开发出许多不同的方法。本文的目的是介绍这些方法，并讨论它们的可能性和局限性以及未来的机会和方向。
