Department of Molecular Microbiology, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Feb 7;21(3):1122. doi: 10.3390/ijms21031122.
Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)-CRISPR-associated (Cas) systems have revolutionized modern molecular biology. Numerous types of these systems have been discovered to date. Many CRISPR-Cas systems have been used as a backbone for the development of potent research tools, with Cas9 being the most widespread. While most of the utilized systems are DNA-targeting, recently more and more attention is being gained by those that target RNA. Their ability to specifically recognize a given RNA sequence in an easily programmable way makes them ideal candidates for developing new research tools. In this review we summarize current knowledge on CRISPR-Cas systems which have been shown to target RNA molecules, that is type III (Csm/Cmr), type VI (Cas13), and type II (Cas9). We also present a list of available technologies based on these systems.
成簇规律间隔短回文重复序列 (CRISPR)-CRISPR 相关 (Cas) 系统彻底改变了现代分子生物学。迄今为止，已经发现了许多种此类系统。许多 CRISPR-Cas 系统已被用作开发有效研究工具的基础，其中 Cas9 应用最为广泛。虽然大多数使用的系统是针对 DNA 的，但最近针对 RNA 的系统越来越受到关注。它们能够以可编程的方式特异性识别给定的 RNA 序列，这使它们成为开发新研究工具的理想候选者。在这篇综述中，我们总结了目前已知的靶向 RNA 分子的 CRISPR-Cas 系统，即 III 类 (Csm/Cmr)、VI 类 (Cas13) 和 II 类 (Cas9)。我们还列出了基于这些系统的可用技术。
