University of Belgrade, Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia.
Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Njegoševa 12, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2021 Nov;28(42):59003-59014. doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-07947-6. Epub 2020 Feb 11.
The analysis of isotope ratios of lead in the mushrooms and soil, where they were grown, assisted with a principal component analysis, offered a new perspective for understanding possible chemical environment in a real setup of those compartments. The content of lead and its isotope compositions were determined in soil samples and mushroom Macrolepiota procera from unpolluted area of Mountain Goč, Serbia. Sequential extraction procedure based on the Commission of the European Community Bureau of Reference (BCR) was applied on soil samples in order to determine the distribution of lead in the labile and un-labile fractions of the soil. Caps and stipes of mushrooms were subjected to microwave acid-assisted digestion prior to measurements by inductively coupled plasma quadrupole mass spectrometer for determination of lead content and lead isotope ratios. Information about the chemical fractionation of Pb in soil, Pb isotopic data from soil fractions and fruiting bodies allowed a more detailed insight on the uptake mechanisms. Lead was predominantly associated with reducible fraction (~ 60%). Only its small portion (∼ 1%) was present in the exchangeable and acid-extractable fractions suggesting the low mobility of Pb. Lead isotope analysis revealed the presence of anthropogenic lead in the surface soil. Significant lower Pb/Pb compared with other fractions was found in exchangeable and acid-soluble fraction (1.331 ± 0.010), which corresponds to the isotope ratio of European gasoline. The highest Pb/Pb ratio was observed in reducible fraction (1.162 ± 0.007), while in oxidizable and residual fraction, those values were similar (1.159 ± 0.006 and 1.159 ± 0.004, respectively). Distinction of exchangeable and acid-extractable fractions from others was also confirmed, for the first time, by principal component analysis. The analysis of four isotope ratios (Pb/Pb, Pb/Pb, Pb/Pb, and Pb/Pb) indicated that the analyzed M. procera accumulates lead from the first two fractions of topsoil layers.
对生长地的蘑菇和土壤中的铅同位素比值进行分析，并结合主成分分析，为理解这些隔室实际设置中的可能化学环境提供了新的视角。对塞尔维亚戈采山未受污染地区的土壤样本和大型口蘑（Macrolepiota procera）中的铅及其同位素组成进行了测定。采用欧盟委员会基准局（BCR）的连续提取程序对土壤样本进行处理，以确定铅在土壤中不稳定和稳定部分的分布。在进行电感耦合等离子体质谱仪测量之前，对蘑菇的菌盖和菌柄进行微波酸辅助消解，以测定铅含量和铅同位素比值。土壤中 Pb 的化学分馏信息、土壤各部分的 Pb 同位素数据以及子实体数据使我们能够更详细地了解其吸收机制。铅主要与可还原部分（60%）结合。只有一小部分（1%）存在于可交换和酸可提取部分，表明 Pb 的迁移率较低。铅同位素分析表明，表层土壤中存在人为铅。在可交换和酸可溶部分（1.331±0.010）中发现 Pb/Pb 显著低于其他部分，这与欧洲汽油的同位素比值相对应。在可还原部分（1.162±0.007）中观察到最高的 Pb/Pb 比值，而在可氧化和残余部分，这些值相似（分别为 1.159±0.006 和 1.159±0.004）。首次通过主成分分析证实了可交换和酸提取部分与其他部分的区别。对四个同位素比值（Pb/Pb、Pb/Pb、Pb/Pb 和 Pb/Pb）的分析表明，所分析的 M. procera 从表土前两层中积累铅。
