Laboratory of Animal Anatomy and Wildlife, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru.
School of Veterinary Medicine, Small Animals Hospital, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru.
J Med Primatol. 2020 Jun;49(3):136-143. doi: 10.1111/jmp.12462. Epub 2020 Feb 12.
There is scarce information detailing clinical and physiological effects of reversible injectable protocols of chemical restraint on Neotropical primates.
Nineteen captive Spix´s Owl monkeys (Aotus vociferans) were assessed in a double-blind randomized crossover study using the following: ketamine/xylazine [KX], ketamine/midazolam [KM] and ketamine/xylazine/midazolam [KXM]. During immobilization, respiratory and pulse rates, rectal temperature, haemoglobin oxygen saturation and arterial blood pressure were recorded at 5-minute intervals during a 20-minute period; afterwards, antagonist drugs (yohimbine for xylazine and flumazenil for midazolam) were, respectively, administered. Quality and duration of induction, immobilization and recovery periods were recorded.
Ketamine/xylazine increased manipulation sensitivity and produced poor muscle relaxation. KM maintained all assessed parameters within physiological ranges. KXM produced depressant cardiorespiratory effects and hypotension. All protocols produced hypothermia.
Based on its adequate anaesthetic depth and minimum effects on physiological parameters, KM is suitable for immobilizing A vociferans and performing short-term procedures lasting around 20 minutes.
关于用于新热带灵长类动物的可逆注射化学约束方案的临床和生理影响的详细信息很少。
在一项使用以下药物的双盲随机交叉研究中评估了 19 只圈养的斯皮克斯卷尾猴（Aotus vociferans）：氯胺酮/二甲噻嗪（KX）、氯胺酮/咪达唑仑（KM）和氯胺酮/二甲噻嗪/咪达唑仑（KXM）。在固定期间，在 20 分钟的时间段内每 5 分钟记录呼吸和脉搏率、直肠温度、血红蛋白氧饱和度和动脉血压；之后，分别给予拮抗剂药物（育亨宾用于二甲噻嗪，氟马西尼用于咪达唑仑）。记录诱导、固定和恢复期间的质量和持续时间。
氯胺酮/二甲噻嗪增加了操作敏感性，并产生了较差的肌肉松弛效果。KM 使所有评估参数均保持在生理范围内。KXM 产生了抑制性心肺作用和低血压。所有方案均导致体温过低。
基于其适当的麻醉深度和对生理参数的最小影响，KM 适用于固定 A vociferans 并进行持续约 20 分钟的短期手术。
