Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.
Department of Psychology, The University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee.
J Stud Alcohol Drugs. 2020 Jan;81(1):81-88. doi: 10.15288/jsad.2020.81.81.
Substantial research has demonstrated the importance of implicit cognitive processes underlying substance use. However, there is a scarcity of research on implicit processes related to marijuana use. We adapted and tested the predictive validity (concurrent and prospective) of an implicit measure evaluating the strength of associations between marijuana and harm based on research demonstrating less marijuana use among individuals who report stronger explicit attitudes of marijuana's harms.
A community sample of 187 U.S. young adults living in a state with legal recreational marijuana use completed an Implicit Association Test (IAT) evaluating marijuana-harm associations and measures of marijuana use and risk of cannabis use disorder (CUD) over time.
The marijuana-harm IAT had good internal consistency, and scores did not vary as a function of biological sex, legal age status for recreational marijuana use, or college student status. Scores did vary as a function of lifetime and recent use such that lifetime and current abstainers had stronger marijuana-harm associations. Zero-inflated negative binomial regression models demonstrated that marijuana-harm IAT scores significantly predicted concurrent risk of CUD and use such that stronger marijuana-harm associations were associated with less use and risk of CUD. Results evaluating outcomes longitudinally found limited support for IAT scores predicting increases in use over time and no support for predicting changes in risk of CUD over time.
Findings provide preliminary evidence that stronger marijuana-harm associations may act as a protective factor against marijuana use and risk of CUD.
大量研究表明，物质使用所隐含的认知过程非常重要。然而，与大麻使用相关的内隐过程研究却很少。我们对基于证明在报告大麻危害的明确态度更强的个体中大麻使用较少的研究评估大麻与危害之间关联强度的内隐测量方法进行了改编和测试，以评估其预测效度（同期和前瞻性）。
一个居住在合法娱乐性大麻使用州的 187 名美国年轻成年人的社区样本完成了一个内隐联想测试（IAT），该测试评估了大麻危害关联以及随时间推移的大麻使用和大麻使用障碍（CUD）风险的测量。
大麻危害 IAT 具有良好的内部一致性，并且分数不因生物性别、娱乐性大麻使用的合法年龄状况或大学生身份而变化。分数确实因终身和最近使用而变化，即终身和当前的禁欲者与大麻危害的关联更强。零膨胀负二项式回归模型表明，大麻危害 IAT 分数显著预测同期 CUD 的风险和使用，即与大麻危害的关联越强，使用量和 CUD 的风险越低。评估纵向结果的研究发现，IAT 分数预测随时间推移使用量增加的结果仅提供有限的支持，而对随时间推移预测 CUD 风险变化的结果则没有支持。
这些发现初步表明，与大麻危害的关联越强，可能会成为大麻使用和 CUD 风险的保护因素。
