Tukaj Stefan
Department of Molecular Biology, University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland.
Acta Biochim Pol. 2020 Feb 12;67(1):1-5. doi: 10.18388/abp.2020_2905.
Numerous epidemiological studies have suggested a link between vitamin D deficiency and the development of various autoimmune diseases, including diabetes mellitus type 1, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, multiple sclerosis or systemic lupus erythematosus. More recently, such a link has been also proposed for autoimmune bullous diseases (AIBD). This is a relatively rare and potentially life-threatening, organ-specific group of inflammatory skin diseases characterized by the presence of tissue-bound and circulating autoantibodies against various molecules present in desmosomes (in pemphigus diseases) or hemidesmosomes (in pemphigoid diseases). In addition to the well-known role of vitamin D in calcium and phosphate homeostasis, the hormonally active vitamin D metabolite, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (calcitriol), exerts potent effects on cellular differentiation and regulation of immune responses via binding to the vitamin D receptor present in most cells of the immune system. Since cells of both, the innate and adaptive immune systems, are known to be relevant in AIBD, the role of vitamin D analogues in the treatment of patients with these disorders deserves much attention. This mini-review summarizes recent epidemiological and experimental studies on vitamin D involvement in the autoimmune bullous diseases.
众多流行病学研究表明，维生素D缺乏与多种自身免疫性疾病的发生发展之间存在关联，这些疾病包括1型糖尿病、类风湿性关节炎、炎症性肠病、多发性硬化症或系统性红斑狼疮。最近，自身免疫性大疱性疾病（AIBD）也被认为存在这样的关联。这是一组相对罕见且可能危及生命的器官特异性炎性皮肤病，其特征是存在针对桥粒（在天疱疮疾病中）或半桥粒（在类天疱疮疾病中）中各种分子的组织结合型和循环自身抗体。除了维生素D在钙和磷稳态中的众所周知的作用外，具有激素活性的维生素D代谢产物1,25 - 二羟基维生素D3（骨化三醇）通过与免疫系统大多数细胞中存在的维生素D受体结合，对细胞分化和免疫反应调节发挥强大作用。由于已知先天性和适应性免疫系统的细胞在AIBD中都具有相关性，维生素D类似物在这些疾病患者治疗中的作用值得高度关注。本综述总结了近期关于维生素D参与自身免疫性大疱性疾病的流行病学和实验研究。
