College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, PR China.
National Engineering Research Center of Juncao Technology, Fuzhou, PR China.
PLoS One. 2020 Feb 12;15(2):e0228709. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228709. eCollection 2020.
Biofertilizer plays a significant role in crop cultivation that had reduced its inorganic fertilizer use. The effects of inorganic fertilizer reduction combined with Pennisetum giganteum z.x.lin mixed nitrogen-fixing biofertilizer on the growth, quality, soil nutrients and diversity of the soil bacterial community in the rhizosphere soil of pakchoi were studied. The experiment composed of 6 treatments, including CK (no fertilization), DL (10% inorganic fertilizer reduction combined with Pennisetum giganteum z.x.lin mixed nitrogen-fixing biofertilizer), ZL (25% inorganic fertilizer reduction combined with Pennisetum giganteum z.x.lin mixed nitrogen-fixing biofertilizer), SL (50% inorganic fertilizer reduction combined with Pennisetum giganteum z.x.lin mixed nitrogen-fixing biofertilizer), FHF (100% inorganic fertilizer) and JZ (100% inorganic fertilizer combined with sterilized Pennisetum giganteum z.x.lin mixed nitrogen-fixing biofertilizer). Compared with conventional fertilization, the 25% reduction in chemical fertilizer applied with the Pennisetum giganteum mixed nitrogen-fixing biofertilizer resulted in higher plant height, plant weight, chlorophyll content, soluble protein content, soluble sugar content, vitamin C content, alkali hydrolyzed nitrogen content, available phosphorus content, available potassium content and organic matter content in pakchoi, and these variables increased by 11.81%, 8.54%, 7.37%, 16.88%, 17.05%, 23.70%, 24.24%, 36.56%, 21.09% and 19.72%, respectively. In addition, the 25% reduction in chemical fertilizer applied with the Pennisetum giganteum mixed nitrogen-fixing biofertilizer also had the lowest nitrate content, which was 53.86% lower than that with conventional fertilization. Different fertilizer treatments had a significant effect on the soil bacterial community structure. Compared with conventional fertilization, the coapplication of Pennisetum giganteum z.x.lin mixed nitrogen-fixing biofertilizer and inorganic fertilizer significantly increased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria in the soil. The results of the redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that soil organic matter, alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, pH and water content had a specific impact on the soil bacterial community. Among the factors, soil water content was the main factor affecting the soil bacterial community, followed by soil organic matter, soil pH, available potassium, soil available phosphorus and soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen.
生物肥料在作物种植中起着重要作用，可以减少无机肥料的使用。本研究探讨了减少无机肥用量与巨菌草混和固氮生物肥料联合使用对小白菜生长、品质、土壤养分和根际土壤细菌群落多样性的影响。试验设 6 个处理，分别为 CK（不施肥）、DL（减少 10%无机肥用量与巨菌草混和固氮生物肥料联合）、ZL（减少 25%无机肥用量与巨菌草混和固氮生物肥料联合）、SL（减少 50%无机肥用量与巨菌草混和固氮生物肥料联合）、FHF（100%无机肥）和 JZ（100%无机肥与灭菌巨菌草混和固氮生物肥料联合）。与常规施肥相比，施用巨菌草混和固氮生物肥料减少 25%的化肥用量，使小白菜的株高、株重、叶绿素含量、可溶性蛋白含量、可溶性糖含量、维生素 C 含量、碱解氮含量、有效磷含量、速效钾含量和有机质含量分别提高 11.81%、8.54%、7.37%、16.88%、17.05%、23.70%、24.24%、36.56%、21.09%和 19.72%。此外，施用巨菌草混和固氮生物肥料减少 25%的化肥用量还使硝酸盐含量最低，比常规施肥低 53.86%。不同的肥料处理对土壤细菌群落结构有显著影响。与常规施肥相比，巨菌草混和固氮生物肥料与无机肥的共施显著增加了土壤中变形菌门和放线菌门的相对丰度。冗余分析（RDA）的结果表明，土壤有机质、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾、pH 值和含水量对土壤细菌群落有特定的影响。在这些因素中，土壤含水量是影响土壤细菌群落的主要因素，其次是土壤有机质、土壤 pH 值、速效钾、土壤有效磷和土壤碱解氮。
