University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA.
Public Health Analytic Consulting Services, Inc., McLean, VA, USA.
J Interpers Violence. 2021 Dec;36(23-24):NP13185-NP13205. doi: 10.1177/0886260519900309. Epub 2020 Feb 13.
The association between interpersonal trauma (IPT) and opioid misuse is well established. There are important gaps, however, in our understanding of this relationship. Studies often do not account for the co-occurrence of IPT across time (i.e., multiple experiences of the same type of IPT) and contexts (i.e., experiences of different types of IPT). In addition, few studies have examined the relationship between IPT and prescription opioid use or gender differences. To address these gaps, this study examines the impact of IPT co-occurrence and gender on prescription opioid use and opioid misuse. Data were collected through a cross-sectional online survey of 235 adults with a self-reported history of IPT (i.e., intimate partner violence, sexual assault, adverse childhood experiences). IPT co-occurrence and interactions between IPT, as continuous scales, were assessed as correlates of opioid use and misuse using multinomial regression models. IPT was associated with opioid misuse, but not use, adjusting for gender. The relationship between sexual assault and opioid misuse was confounded by exposure to other types of IPT. Intimate partner violence was associated with opioid misuse among men. Adverse childhood experiences were associated with misuse among women. The interaction between intimate partner violence and sexual assault increased odds of opioid use among women. This study highlights the importance of accounting for IPT co-occurrence and examining gender differences in clinical practice and research related to opioid use/misuse. These approaches are important for understanding the relationship between IPT and opioid use/misuse by more accurately representing the complexity of the lives of survivors.
人际创伤（IPT）与阿片类药物滥用之间存在关联，这一点已得到充分证实。然而，我们对这种关系的理解仍存在重要空白。研究通常没有考虑 IPT 在时间上的同时发生（即同一类型的 IPT 多次发生）和在不同背景下的同时发生（即不同类型的 IPT 经历）。此外，很少有研究探讨 IPT 与处方类阿片使用之间的关系或性别差异。为了填补这些空白，本研究考察了 IPT 同时发生和性别对处方类阿片使用和阿片类药物滥用的影响。这项研究通过对 235 名有 IPT 自述史（即亲密伴侣暴力、性侵犯、不良童年经历）的成年人进行横断面在线调查收集数据。使用多项回归模型，以连续量表的形式评估 IPT 同时发生和 IPT 之间的相互作用，作为阿片类药物使用和滥用的相关因素。在调整了性别因素后，IPT 与阿片类药物滥用有关，但与使用无关。性侵犯与阿片类药物滥用之间的关系因接触其他类型的 IPT 而变得复杂。亲密伴侣暴力与男性阿片类药物滥用有关。不良童年经历与女性阿片类药物滥用有关。亲密伴侣暴力和性侵犯之间的相互作用增加了女性使用阿片类药物的几率。本研究强调了在临床实践和研究中考虑 IPT 同时发生以及检验性别差异的重要性，这对于更准确地反映幸存者生活的复杂性，从而理解 IPT 与阿片类药物使用/滥用之间的关系非常重要。
