Community Health Promotions, Cherokee Nation, Tahlequah, Oklahoma, USA
Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA.
Tob Control. 2021 Jan;30(1):103-107. doi: 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2019-055338. Epub 2020 Feb 13.
Despite American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) people having the highest prevalence of cigarette smoking nationwide, few studies have evaluated e-cigarette use among AI/AN adults who smoke. The primary objective of this observational pilot cohort study was to determine if e-cigarette use is associated with cigarette smoking cessation or reduction among adult AI individuals who smoke.
In 2016, we collected baseline survey and biomarker data among AI adults who smoke. The survey included questions about cigarette consumption and use of e-cigarettes and biomarkers, such as salivary cotinine markers and exhaled carbon monoxide. After 18 months, we repeated data collection, and asked about changes in cigarette smoking status and cigarettes per day (CPD). Comparisons between groups were performed using the χ test, Fisher's exact test or Wilcoxon rank-sum test.
Of 375 baseline participants, 214 (57.07%) returned for follow-up and were included in analyses. Of these, 20 (9.3%) reported having stopped cigarette smoking and had biochemical verification of cigarette smoking abstinence. Among those who quit smoking, 15% were baseline e-cigarette users; while among those who continued to smoke at follow-up, about 11% were baseline e-cigarette users. This difference was not statistically significant (p=0.48). Among all those who continued to smoke at follow-up, there was no overall decrease in CPD, nor a significant difference in change in CPD between baseline e-cigarette users and non-users (p=0.98).
E-cigarette use at baseline was not associated with smoking cessation or a change in CPD in this cohort of AI adults who smoke after an 18-month follow-up period.
尽管美国印第安人/阿拉斯加原住民（AI/AN）的吸烟率居全国最高，但很少有研究评估过吸烟的 AI/AN 成年人使用电子烟的情况。本观察性试点队列研究的主要目的是确定电子烟的使用是否与吸烟的 AI 个体的戒烟或减少有关。
2016 年，我们收集了吸烟的 AI 成年人的基线调查和生物标志物数据。该调查包括关于吸烟量和电子烟使用情况以及生物标志物（如唾液可替宁标志物和呼出的一氧化碳）的问题。18 个月后，我们重复了数据收集，并询问了吸烟状况和每天吸烟量（CPD）的变化。使用 χ 检验、Fisher 确切检验或 Wilcoxon 秩和检验比较组间差异。
在 375 名基线参与者中，有 214 名（57.07%）返回并参与了分析。其中，有 20 人（9.3%）报告已戒烟，并通过生物化学方法验证了吸烟的戒除。在戒烟者中，有 15%是基线电子烟使用者；而在继续吸烟的随访者中，约 11%是基线电子烟使用者。这一差异没有统计学意义（p=0.48）。在所有继续吸烟的随访者中，CPD 没有总体下降，基线电子烟使用者和非使用者的 CPD 变化也没有显著差异（p=0.98）。
在这项为期 18 个月的随访中，在 AI 成年吸烟者中，基线时使用电子烟与戒烟或 CPD 变化无关。
