Ren Zhouzheng, Jiang Shizhen, Zeng Qiufeng, Ding Xuemei, Bai Shiping, Wang Jianping, Zhang Keying
Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, 211 Huimin Road, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
J Poult Sci. 2018;55(2):103-111. doi: 10.2141/jpsa.0170073. Epub 2017 Nov 25.
This study evaluated the interaction effect of maternal and progeny vitamin regimens on the performance of ducklings. At 38 weeks of age, 780 female and 156 male duck breeders were fed either regular or high vitamin premix diet (maternal high premix had higher levels of all vitamins except K than maternal regular premix) for 16 weeks. Ducklings hatched from eggs laid at the end of the duck breeder trial were kept separate according to maternal treatment and were fed 2 levels of vitamin premix (NRC and high, progeny high premix had higher levels of all vitamins except biotin than progeny NRC premix) for 35 days. Body weight (<0.001) and tibia ash (=0.033) of 1-day-old ducklings and serum total superoxide dismutase activity of 14-day-old ducklings (=0.027) were increased by maternal high vitamin premix. Progeny high vitamin premix increased body weight (14 days, =0.019; 35 days, =0.034), body weight gain (1-14 days, =0.021; 1-35 days, =0.034), gain:feed ratio (1-14 days, <0.001), feed intake (15-35 days, =0.037), serum total antioxidant capacity (14 days, =0.048; 35 days, =0.047), and serum calcium (14 days, =0.007), and decreased serum malondialdehyde (14 days, =0.038; 35 days, =0.031) of ducklings. Maternal vitamin premix-progeny vitamin premix interaction significantly affected body weight (14 days, =0.029), body weight gain (1-14 days, =0.029), and feed intake (1-14 days, =0.018) of progeny ducklings. Briefly, progeny NRC premix decreased the growth performance (days 1-14) of ducklings from maternal regular vitamin group, but not duckling from maternal high vitamin group. The results demonstrate a shortcoming of current vitamin recommendations for ducklings and suggest that the vitamin needs of starter ducklings can be met by either maternal or progeny vitamin supplementation.
本研究评估了母体和子代维生素方案对雏鸭生长性能的交互作用。在38周龄时，780只雌性和156只雄性种鸭被饲喂常规或高维生素预混料日粮（母体高预混料中除维生素K外的所有维生素水平均高于母体常规预混料），持续16周。种鸭试验结束时所产蛋孵化出的雏鸭，根据母体处理分组饲养，并饲喂2种水平的维生素预混料（NRC和高维生素预混料，子代高预混料中除生物素外的所有维生素水平均高于子代NRC预混料），为期35天。母体高维生素预混料可提高1日龄雏鸭的体重（<0.001）和胫骨灰分（=0.033），以及14日龄雏鸭的血清总超氧化物歧化酶活性（=0.027）。子代高维生素预混料可提高雏鸭的体重（14日龄，=0.019；35日龄，=0.034）、体重增加量（1 - 14日龄，=0.021；1 - 35日龄，=0.034）、增重：采食量比值（1 - 14日龄，<0.001）、采食量（15 - 35日龄，=0.037）、血清总抗氧化能力（14日龄，=0.048；35日龄，=0.047）和血清钙（14日龄，=0.007），并降低雏鸭血清丙二醛水平（14日龄，=0.038；35日龄，=0.031）。母体维生素预混料 - 子代维生素预混料的交互作用对雏鸭的体重（14日龄，=0.029）、体重增加量（1 - 14日龄，=0.029）和采食量（1 - 14日龄，=0.018）有显著影响。简而言之，子代NRC预混料降低了母体常规维生素组雏鸭的生长性能（1 - 14日龄），但对母体高维生素组雏鸭没有影响。结果表明了当前雏鸭维生素推荐标准的一个不足之处，并表明母体或子代补充维生素均可满足雏鸭起始阶段的维生素需求。
