Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Sleep. 2020 Aug 12;43(8). doi: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa012.
To assess the frequency of dream experience (DE) developed during naps at Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT) by patients with narcolepsy type 1 (NT1) and establish, using story-grammar analysis, the structural organization of DEs developed during naps with sleep onset rapid eye movement (REM) period (SOREMP) sleep compared with their DEs during early- and late-night REM sleep.
Thirty drug-free cognitively intact adult NT1 patients were asked to report DE developed during each MSLT nap. Ten NT1 patients also spent voluntarily a supplementary night being awakened during the first-cycle and third-cycle REM sleep. Patients provided dream reports, white dreams, and no dreams, whose frequencies were matched in naps with SOREMP versus non-REM (NREM) sleep. All dream reports were then analyzed using story-grammar rules.
DE was recalled in detail (dream report) by NT1 patients after 75% of naps with SOREMP sleep and after 25% of naps with NREM sleep. Dream reports were provided by 8 out of 10 NT1 patients after both awakenings from nighttime REM sleep. Story-grammar analysis of dream reports showed that SOREMP-DEs are organized as hierarchically ordered sequences of events (so-called dream-stories), which are longer and more complex in the first and fourth SOREMP naps and are comparable with nighttime REM-DEs.
The similar structural organization of SOREMP-DEs with nighttime REM-DEs indicates that their underlying cognitive processes are highly, albeit not uniformly, effective during daytime SOREMP sleep. Given the peculiar neurophysiology of SOREMP sleep, investigating SOREMP-DEs may cast further light on the relationships between the neurophysiological and psychological processes involved in REM-dreaming.
评估 1 型发作性睡病（NT1）患者在多次睡眠潜伏期试验（MSLT）中的小睡时梦境体验（DE）的频率，并使用故事语法分析，比较小睡时伴有睡眠起始快速眼动（REM）期（SOREMP）睡眠的 DE 与夜间早期和晚期 REM 睡眠的 DE 的结构组织。
要求 30 名未服用药物且认知完整的成年 NT1 患者报告 MSLT 每个小睡期间发生的 DE。10 名 NT1 患者还自愿花费了一个补充的夜晚，在第一周期和第三周期 REM 睡眠期间被唤醒。患者提供梦境报告、白日梦和无梦，在 SOREMP 与非快速眼动（NREM）睡眠的小睡中匹配这些梦境的频率。然后使用故事语法规则分析所有的梦境报告。
在 75%的 SOREMP 睡眠小睡和 25%的 NREM 睡眠小睡后，NT1 患者详细回忆起了 DE（梦境报告）。在两次夜间 REM 睡眠的唤醒后，10 名 NT1 患者中的 8 名提供了梦境报告。梦境报告的故事语法分析表明，SOREMP-DE 是按照事件的层次顺序组织的（所谓的梦境故事），在第一个和第四个 SOREMP 小睡中，这些顺序更长且更复杂，与夜间 REM-DE 相当。
SOREMP-DE 与夜间 REM-DE 的相似结构组织表明，它们的潜在认知过程在白天的 SOREMP 睡眠中高度有效，尽管并非完全有效。鉴于 SOREMP 睡眠的特殊神经生理学特性，研究 SOREMP-DE 可能会进一步揭示 REM 梦境中涉及的神经生理和心理过程之间的关系。
