Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
Interdisciplinary Ph.D. Program in Nutrition, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
Lipids. 2020 Mar;55(2):163-171. doi: 10.1002/lipd.12220. Epub 2020 Feb 13.
The regulation of adipocyte differentiation is an important factor for production efficiency and meat quality in the poultry industry. The purpose of this study was to develop a new in vitro model of adipogenic differentiation of chicken embryonic fibroblasts (CEF). In this study, CEF were isolated at embryonic day (E) 5, and adipogenic differentiation was induced with supplementation of fatty acids (FA) and/or insulin (Ins) for 48 h. Oil-Red-O staining showed that lipid accumulation in E5 CEF was greater when supplemented with a combination of FA and Ins (FI) than other treatment groups (p < 0.05). Genes involved in differentiation of preadipocytes, fatty acid transport, and triacylglycerol synthesis were upregulated in the FI group compared to all other treatment groups (p < 0.01). Under myogenic media, the E5 CEF formed myotubes and expressed myogenic markers, myosin heavy chain (MHC), and myogenin (MyoG), suggesting myogenic potential of E5 CEF. To determine the permissive age window for adipogenic differentiation of CEF, E5, E6, and E7 CEF were induced for adipogenesis with FI treatment in 1%, 5%, or 10% chicken serum (CS). Among all embryonic ages, E5 with 10% CS showed the most lipid accumulation and the least myotube formation with the lowest expression of MHC and MyoG. These data indicate both adipogenic and myogenic potentials of E5 CEF, providing a new in vitro model for a better understanding of the processes of adipogenic and myogenic differentiation in chickens.
脂肪细胞分化的调控是家禽业生产效率和肉质的重要因素。本研究旨在开发一种新的鸡胚成纤维细胞（CEF）的体外成脂分化模型。本研究中，在胚胎第 5 天（E）分离 CEF，并通过添加脂肪酸（FA）和/或胰岛素（Ins）诱导 48 小时进行成脂分化。油红-O 染色显示，与其他处理组相比，添加 FA 和 Ins 的组合（FI）时 E5 CEF 的脂质积累更大（p<0.05）。与其他处理组相比，FI 组中参与前体脂肪细胞分化、脂肪酸转运和三酰甘油合成的基因上调（p<0.01）。在肌源性培养基中，E5 CEF 形成肌管并表达肌球蛋白重链（MHC）和肌生成素（MyoG）等肌源性标志物，表明 E5 CEF 具有成肌潜能。为确定 CEF 成脂分化的允许年龄窗口，用 FI 处理在 1%、5%或 10%鸡血清（CS）中诱导 E5、E6 和 E7 CEF 进行成脂分化。在所有胚胎年龄中，E5 用 10% CS 显示出最多的脂质积累和最少的肌管形成，MHC 和 MyoG 的表达最低。这些数据表明 E5 CEF 具有成脂和成肌潜能，为更好地理解鸡的成脂和成肌分化过程提供了一种新的体外模型。
