School of the Environment, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada.
School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-5000, USA.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2020 Feb;151:110860. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.110860. Epub 2020 Jan 29.
Following the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident in 2011, some marine radionuclide monitoring studies report a lack of evidence for contamination of Japanese coastal waters by U and Pu, or state that marine contamination by them was negligible. Nevertheless, Fukushima-derived U and Pu were reported as associated with Cs-rich microparticles (CsMPs) found in local soil, vegetation, and river/lake sediments. Over time, CsMPs can be transported to the sea via riverine runoff where actinides, as expected, will leach. We recommend establishing a long-term monitoring of U and Pu in the nearshore area of the Fukushima Prefecture using marine bivalve mollusks; shells, byssal threads and soft tissues should all be analyzed. Here, based on results from Th biosorption experiments, we propose that U and Pu could be present at concentrations several times higher in shells with a completely destroyed external shell layer (periostracum) than in shells with intact periostracum.
2011 年福岛第一核电站事故发生后，一些海洋放射性核素监测研究报告缺乏证据表明日本沿海水域受到 U 和 Pu 的污染，或表明它们对海洋的污染可以忽略不计。然而，据报道，福岛产生的 U 和 Pu 与在当地土壤、植被和河流/湖泊沉积物中发现的富含 Cs 的微颗粒（CsMPs）有关。随着时间的推移，CsMPs 可以通过河流径流被运送到海洋，在那里预计锕系元素会浸出。我们建议使用海洋双壳贝类在福岛县近岸地区建立对 U 和 Pu 的长期监测；应该分析贝壳、贻贝丝和软组织。在这里，根据 Th 生物吸附实验的结果，我们提出，与具有完整外表皮层（壳层）的贝壳相比，完全破坏外表皮层的贝壳中 U 和 Pu 的浓度可能要高出数倍。
