Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States.
Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States.
J Affect Disord. 2020 Apr 1;266:394-401. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.01.137. Epub 2020 Jan 30.
Characterise gut microbiota distributions of participants with co-occurring depression and anxiety, in those with only depression or with anxiety, and determine if gut bacteria differentially correlates with distinct clinical presentations.
Participants (10 healthy controls [mean age: 33, 60% female] and 60 psychiatric subjects; major depressive disorder (comorbid with anxiety), n = 38 [mean age: 39.2, 82% female], anxiety only, n = 8 [mean age: 40.0, 100% female], depression only without anxiety, n = 14 [mean age: 41.9, 79% female]) were characterized by psychiatric assessments. Quantitative PCR and 16S rRNA sequencing were used to characterize the gut microbiota in stool samples.
Altered microbiota correlated with pre-defined clinical presentation, with Bacteroides (p = 0.011) and the Clostridium leptum subgroup (p = 0.023) significantly different between clinical categories. Cluster analysis of the total sample using weighted UniFrac β-diversity of the gut microbiota identified two different clusters defined by differences in bacterial distribution. Cluster 2 had higher Bacteroides (p = 0.006), and much reduced presence of Clostridales (p<0.001) compared to Cluster 1. Bifidobacterium (p = 0.0173) was also reduced in Cluster 2 compared to Cluster 1. When evaluated for clinical charateristics, anhedonia scores in Cluster 2 were higher than in Cluster 1.
The sample is smaller and predominately female.
Reduced or absent Clostridia was consistently seen in those with depression, independent of the presence of anxiety. Conversely, reduced Bacteroides may be more associated with the presence of anxiety, independent of the presence of depression. These differences suggest that gut microbiota distribution could help clarify the underlying pathology of comorbid clinical presentation.
描述同时患有抑郁和焦虑、仅患有抑郁或仅患有焦虑的参与者的肠道微生物群落分布，并确定肠道细菌是否与不同的临床特征存在差异。
参与者包括 10 名健康对照者（平均年龄 33 岁，60%为女性）和 60 名精神科患者；伴发焦虑的重度抑郁症（n=38，平均年龄 39.2 岁，82%为女性）、单纯焦虑症（n=8，平均年龄 40.0 岁，100%为女性）、无焦虑的单纯抑郁症（n=14，平均年龄 41.9 岁，79%为女性）。通过精神病学评估对参与者进行特征描述。使用定量 PCR 和 16S rRNA 测序对粪便样本中的肠道微生物群进行特征描述。
改变的微生物群与预先定义的临床特征相关，双歧杆菌（p=0.011）和 Clostridium leptum 亚群（p=0.023）在不同临床类别之间存在显著差异。使用肠道微生物群总样本的加权 UniFracβ多样性进行聚类分析，根据细菌分布的差异确定了两个不同的聚类。与聚类 1 相比，聚类 2 中双歧杆菌（p=0.006）更高，梭状芽胞杆菌（p<0.001）的存在明显减少。与聚类 1 相比，聚类 2 中的双歧杆菌（p=0.0173）也减少了。当评估临床特征时，聚类 2 中的快感缺失评分高于聚类 1。
样本较小且主要为女性。
无论是否存在焦虑，患有抑郁症的患者中，梭状芽胞杆菌的数量减少或不存在。相反，减少的拟杆菌可能与焦虑的存在更相关，而与抑郁的存在无关。这些差异表明，肠道微生物群落的分布可能有助于阐明共病临床特征的潜在病理。
