MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom; Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.
MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
J Affect Disord. 2020 Apr 1;266:621-625. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.02.011. Epub 2020 Feb 3.
Overgeneral autobiographical memory (OGM), the tendency to recall fewer specific memories and recall more repeated or extended events, is associated with subsequent adult depression. However, prospective associations are only found in adolescents with additional risk factors for depression (e.g. OGM for negative material is associated with subsequent depression in females and those at familial risk of depression) and not in community samples. It remains unclear whether OGM is associated with subsequent depression in population-based adolescent samples or just in high-risk adolescents.
We examined the relationship between OGM for negative cues (age 13) and adolescent depressive symptoms in a population-based cohort - the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. Regression models investigated the association of OGM for negative cues with depressive symptoms at age 12.5 years (n = 3,145) and age 16.5 years (n = 2,345). Associations with alternative measures of OGM were also explored. Gender and maternal depression were examined as potential moderators of these relationships.
OGM for negative cues was associated with both contemporaneous and prospective depressive symptoms. Only OGM for negative cues and total OGM were prospectively associated with depressive symptoms. There was no evidence of moderation by gender or maternal depression.
Depression was reported 6 months earlier than OGM.
To our knowledge, this is the first study to find a prospective link between OGM for negative material and depression in a population-based cohort. Results highlight memory biases can precede subsequent adolescent depression in the general population, not just high-risk samples.
过度概括自传体记忆（OGM），即倾向于回忆较少的具体记忆，而回忆更多重复或扩展的事件，与随后的成人抑郁症有关。然而，只有在具有额外抑郁风险因素的青少年中才发现前瞻性关联（例如，对负面材料的 OGM 与女性和具有抑郁家族风险的个体随后的抑郁有关），而在社区样本中则没有。OGM 是否与基于人群的青少年样本中随后的抑郁有关，或者仅与高风险青少年有关，目前仍不清楚。
我们在一项基于人群的队列研究——阿冯纵向研究父母和儿童中，研究了负性线索的 OGM（13 岁）与青少年抑郁症状之间的关系。回归模型调查了负性线索的 OGM 与 12.5 岁（n=3145）和 16.5 岁（n=2345）时的抑郁症状之间的关联。还探讨了与其他 OGM 测量方法的关联。性别和母亲抑郁被视为这些关系的潜在调节因素。
负性线索的 OGM 与同期和前瞻性抑郁症状有关。只有负性线索的 OGM 和总 OGM 与抑郁症状具有前瞻性关联。性别和母亲抑郁没有调节作用的证据。
抑郁的报告比 OGM 早 6 个月。
据我们所知，这是第一项在基于人群的队列中发现负性材料的 OGM 与抑郁之间存在前瞻性关联的研究。结果强调记忆偏差可能先于普通人群中随后的青少年抑郁，而不仅仅是高危样本。
