Department of Chromatography, Faculty of Chemistry, University of M. Curie-Skłodowska, M. Curie-Skłodowska Sq. 3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland.
Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Jagiellonian University, Collegium Medicum, Medyczna Str. 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland.
J Chromatogr A. 2020 May 10;1618:460942. doi: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.460942. Epub 2020 Feb 3.
The fruit of Schisandra chinensis (Chinese magnolia vine), the medicinal plant well-known in Traditional Chinese Medicine, gains great popularity in the modern phytopharmacology. This phenomena is related to the wide and powerful healing properties, including supporting immune, nervous and digestive systems activity. S. chinensis is also known for its adaptogenic properties which can support the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders, particularly Alzheimer's disease. The components of S. chinensis have been analyzed mostly using chromatography, including HPLC, GC and TLC. The last technique can be easily hyphenated with biological assays performed directly on a TLC plate that is using effect directed detection. TLC-direct bioautography (TLC-DB) for acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition and TLC-DB against Bacillus subtilis were performed, followed by micro-preparative separation of fractions which were subsequently subjected to LC-MS tentative identification. Additionally, screening analysis was done using both biological detection and derivatization reagents (e.g. PMA, thymol, NP-PEG). Both TLC screening and effect-directed analysis (TLC-DB followed by MS analysis) of S. chinensis fruit revealed components with biological activity, especially antibacterials (e.g. citric acid) and inhibitors of AChE (mainly dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans). AChE inhibition activities were confirmed by TLC-DB for nine standards that is: 6-O-benzoylgomisin, deoxyschisandrin, gomisin A, gomisin G, schisandrin, schisandrin C, schisanhenol, schisantherin A and schisantherin B. These lignans were further identified by LC-ESI-MS in the isolated fraction revealing AChE inhibition. Moreover three other lignans: γ-schisandrin, schisandrin B and gomisin J were tentatively identified by LC-ESI-MS.
五味子，一种在中国传统医学中广为人知的药用植物，其果实已在现代植物药理学中得到广泛应用。这种现象与它广泛而强大的治疗特性有关，包括支持免疫系统、神经系统和消化系统的活动。五味子还因其适应原特性而闻名，它可以支持神经退行性疾病的治疗，特别是阿尔茨海默病。五味子的成分主要通过色谱法进行分析，包括 HPLC、GC 和 TLC。最后一种技术可以很容易地与直接在 TLC 板上进行的生物测定相连接，该方法使用定向检测进行效果检测。进行了 TLC-直接生物自显影（TLC-DB）以抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）和 TLC-DB 抑制枯草芽孢杆菌，然后对分数进行微制备分离，随后对其进行 LC-MS 初步鉴定。此外，还使用生物检测和衍生试剂（如 PMA、百里酚、NP-PEG）进行了筛选分析。五味子果实的 TLC 筛选和定向分析（TLC-DB 后进行 MS 分析）均显示出具有生物活性的成分，特别是抗菌成分（如柠檬酸）和 AChE 抑制剂（主要是二苯并环辛二烯木脂素）。通过 TLC-DB 对 9 种标准品进行 AChE 抑制活性确证，这 9 种标准品为：6-O-苯甲酰戈米辛、去氧五味子素、五味子甲素、五味子丙素、五味子素、五味子素 C、五味子酚、五味子甲素和五味子乙素。这些木脂素在分离的馏分中通过 LC-ESI-MS 进一步鉴定，显示出对 AChE 的抑制作用。此外，通过 LC-ESI-MS 还初步鉴定了另外三种木脂素：γ-五味子素、五味子乙素和戈米辛 J。
