Institute of Biology Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia, Jagiellońska 28 Street, 40-032, Katowice, Poland.
Institute of Biology Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia, Jagiellońska 28 Street, 40-032, Katowice, Poland.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2020 Apr 1;192:110299. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110299. Epub 2020 Feb 10.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are ubiquitous, obligatory plant symbionts that have a beneficial influence on plants in contaminated environments. This study focused on evaluating the biomass and biodiversity of the AMF and microbial communities associated with Poa trivialis and Phragmites australis plants sampled at an aged site contaminated with phenol and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and an uncontaminated control site. We analyzed the soil phospholipid fatty acid profile to describe the general structure of microbial communities. PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis with primers targeting the 18S ribosomal RNA gene was used to characterize the biodiversity of the AMF communities and identify dominant AMF species associated with the host plants in the polluted and control environments. The root mycorrhizal colonization and AMF biomass in the soil were negatively affected by the presence of PAHs and phenol, with no significant differences between the studied plant species, whereas the biodiversity of the AMF communities were influenced by the soil contamination and plant species. Soil contamination was more detrimental to the biodiversity of AMF communities associated with Ph. australis, compared to P. trivialis. Both species favored the development of different AMF species, which might be related to the specific features of their different root systems and soil microbial communities. The contaminated site was dominated by AMF generalists like Funneliformis and Rhizophagus, whereas in the control site Dominikia, Archaeospora, Claroideoglomus, Glomus, and Diversispora were also detected.
丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）是普遍存在的、必需的植物共生体，对污染环境中的植物有有益的影响。本研究集中评估了丛枝菌根真菌和与污染和对照地点采样的草地早熟禾和芦苇植物相关的微生物群落的生物量和生物多样性。我们分析了土壤磷脂脂肪酸谱，以描述微生物群落的一般结构。用针对 18S 核糖体 RNA 基因的引物进行 PCR-变性梯度凝胶电泳，用于表征 AMF 群落的生物多样性，并鉴定与污染和对照环境中宿主植物相关的优势 AMF 物种。根际丛枝菌根定殖和土壤中的 AMF 生物量受到 PAHs 和苯酚的存在的负面影响，在研究的植物物种之间没有显著差异，而 AMF 群落的生物多样性受到土壤污染和植物物种的影响。与草地早熟禾相比，土壤污染对与芦苇相关的 AMF 群落的生物多样性更具危害性。两种植物都有利于不同 AMF 物种的发育，这可能与它们不同的根系和土壤微生物群落的特定特征有关。污染地点主要由丛枝菌根真菌通用种（如 Funneliformis 和 Rhizophagus）主导，而在对照地点还检测到 Dominikia、Archaeospora、Claroideoglomus、Glomus 和 Diversispora。
