Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza Street 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland.
Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, ul. Sloneczna 45G, 10-709 Olsztyn, Poland.
Bioresour Technol. 2020 May;303:122936. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.122936. Epub 2020 Jan 31.
Application of the modern microbial techniques changed the paradigm about the microorganisms performing nitrification. Numerous investigations recognized representatives of the genus Nitrospira as a key and predominant nitrite-oxidizing bacteria in biological nutrient removal systems, especially under low dissolved oxygen and substrate conditions. The recent discovery of Nitrospira capable of performing complete ammonia oxidation (comammox) raised a fundamental question about the actual role of Nitrospira in both nitrification steps. This review summarizes the current knowledge about morphological, physiological and genetic characteristics of the canonical and comammox Nitrospira. Potential implications of comammox for the functional aspects of nitrogen removal have been highlighted. The complex meta-analysis of literature data was applied to identify specific individual variables and their combined interactions on the Nitrospira abundance. In addition to dissolved oxygen and influent nitrogen concentrations, temperature and pH may play an important role in enhancing or suppressing the Nitrospira activity.
现代微生物技术的应用改变了微生物进行硝化作用的范式。大量研究发现，Nitrospira 属的代表菌是生物脱氮系统中主要的亚硝酸盐氧化菌，尤其是在低溶解氧和基质条件下。最近发现能够进行完全氨氧化（comammox）的 Nitrospira 提出了一个基本问题，即 Nitrospira 在硝化作用的两个步骤中的实际作用。本文综述了经典 Nitrospira 和 comammox Nitrospira 的形态、生理和遗传特征的最新知识。还强调了 comammox 对氮去除功能方面的潜在影响。应用复杂的文献数据荟萃分析来确定特定的个体变量及其对 Nitrospira 丰度的综合相互作用。除了溶解氧和进水氮浓度外，温度和 pH 值可能在增强或抑制 Nitrospira 活性方面发挥重要作用。
