Suzuki Kazuya, Washio Takuro, Tsukamoto Shingo, Kato Kazunori, Iwamoto Erika, Ogoh Shigehiko
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Toyo University, Kawagoe-Shi, Saitama, Japan.
Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan.
Physiol Rep. 2020 Feb;8(3):e14369. doi: 10.14814/phy2.14369.
In the present study, we hypothesized that habitual cigarette smoking attenuates endothelial function in the cerebral circulation as well as that of the peripheral circulation in young adults. To test this hypothesis, we measured cerebrovascular and peripheral flow-mediated dilation (FMD) in young smokers and nonsmokers in the present study. Ten healthy nonsmokers and 10 smokers participated in the study. We measured blood velocity and diameter in the brachial artery and internal carotid artery (ICA) using Doppler ultrasound. We identified shear-mediated dilation in the brachial artery and ICA by the percentage change in peak diameter during hyperemia stimulation (reactive hyperemia and hypercapnia). We measured the baseline diameter and the shear rate area under the curve from the onset of hyperemia to peak dilation in the brachial artery and ICA, finding the measurements of the smokers and those of the nonsmokers did not differ (p > .05). In contrast to brachial FMD (5.07 ± 1.79% vs. 7.92 ± 3.01%; smokers vs. nonsmokers, p = .019), FMD in the ICA was not attenuated in the smokers compared with that of the nonsmokers (5.46 ± 2.32% vs. 4.57 ± 2.70%; p = .442). These findings indicate that in young healthy smokers, cerebral endothelial function was preserved, and the response of cerebral endothelial function to smoking was different from that of peripheral vasculature.
在本研究中，我们假设习惯性吸烟会削弱年轻成年人脑循环以及外周循环的内皮功能。为了验证这一假设，我们在本研究中测量了年轻吸烟者和非吸烟者的脑血管和外周血流介导的血管舒张（FMD）。10名健康非吸烟者和10名吸烟者参与了该研究。我们使用多普勒超声测量肱动脉和颈内动脉（ICA）的血流速度和直径。通过充血刺激（反应性充血和高碳酸血症）期间峰值直径的百分比变化，我们确定了肱动脉和ICA中的剪切介导的血管舒张。我们测量了肱动脉和ICA从充血开始到峰值扩张期间的基线直径和曲线下剪切率面积，发现吸烟者和非吸烟者的测量结果没有差异（p>0.05）。与肱动脉FMD（吸烟者为5.07±1.79%，非吸烟者为7.92±3.01%；p=0.019）相反，与非吸烟者相比，吸烟者ICA中的FMD并未减弱（5.46±2.32%对4.57±2.70%；p=0.442）。这些发现表明，在年轻健康吸烟者中，脑内皮功能得以保留，并且脑内皮功能对吸烟的反应与外周血管系统不同。
