Department of Heart Center, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, N1 Shangcheng Road, Yiwu 322000, China.
College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China.
J Healthc Eng. 2021 Dec 23;2021:1251199. doi: 10.1155/2021/1251199. eCollection 2021.
We have obtained prospective clinical outcomes using the brachial artery largely, such as Korotkoff sound and vasomotor function measurement by ultrasound guidance to predict the prognosis of cardiovascular diseases. Very few reports on the quantitative measurement of the relationship between the brachial artery blood flow and cardiac output have been reported.
(1) To investigate whether the quantitative relationship between the brachial artery blood flow and cardiac output existed. (2) To provide a theoretical basis for taking advantage of artificial intelligence (AI) using Korotkoff sound analogously as far as possible to predict the cardiac output.
A total of 586 patients who underwent cardiac color ultrasound in our center from 2021.3 to 2021.7 were included for analyses. The vascular parameters of the right upper limb brachial artery (such as the Diameter, Area, Blood Velocity, and Flow) were measured immediately after the cardiac color ultrasound, and some basic clinical parameters (Age, Sex, BMI, and Disease) were recorded subsequently. Ultimately, the Mann-Whitney and independent sample -test were used to analyze the data.
(1) The mean Rate of the brachial arterial blood flow to cardiac output was 1.23%, and the mean 95% CI was (1.18%, 1.29%), indicating that the value was mainly concentrated in the current value interval. The indicator demonstrates that there is no significant difference currently among the patients with hypertension, coronary heart disease, and cardiac dysfunction. (2) The brachial artery wall diameter (Dist) is significantly thicker in patients with coronary heart disease and hypertension compared to patients with other cardiovascular diseases. (3) Cardiac output augments remarkably in patients with hypertension.
Our study suggests that the Rate (brachial artery blood flow/cardiac output) is a constant of 1.23% approximately. It provides a theoretical basis for the subsequent application of the artificial intelligence (AI) method to predict heart function using Korotkoff sound, cope with large computational amounts, and improve computational speed. It is also indirectly proved that hypertension can lead to a change in peripheral vascular hyperplasia and increase cardiac output.
我们已经通过肱动脉获得了大量的前瞻性临床结果，例如通过超声引导测量柯氏音和血管运动功能来预测心血管疾病的预后。关于肱动脉血流量与心输出量之间的定量关系的报道很少。
（1）探讨肱动脉血流量与心输出量之间是否存在定量关系。（2）为利用人工智能（AI）尽可能地模拟柯氏音来预测心输出量提供理论依据。
选取 2021 年 3 月至 2021 年 7 月在我院进行心脏彩色超声检查的 586 例患者进行分析。在心脏彩色超声检查后立即测量右侧上肢肱动脉的血管参数（如直径、面积、血流速度和血流量），并记录一些基本的临床参数（年龄、性别、BMI 和疾病）。最终，采用 Mann-Whitney 和独立样本 t 检验进行数据分析。
（1）肱动脉血流与心输出量的比值的平均值为 1.23%，95%置信区间的平均值为（1.18%，1.29%），表明该值主要集中在当前值区间内。该指标表明，高血压、冠心病和心功能障碍患者之间目前没有显著差异。（2）冠心病和高血压患者的肱动脉壁直径（Dist）明显较其他心血管疾病患者厚。（3）高血压患者的心输出量显著增加。
本研究表明，比值（肱动脉血流量/心输出量）约为 1.23%。这为后续应用人工智能（AI）方法利用柯氏音预测心功能提供了理论依据，应对大量计算量，提高计算速度。这也间接地证明了高血压可导致外周血管增生改变，增加心输出量。
