Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, United States.
Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, United States; Department of Genetics at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, United States.
Curr Opin Microbiol. 2020 Apr;54:95-102. doi: 10.1016/j.mib.2020.01.006. Epub 2020 Feb 12.
For ∼30 years, two distinct groups of clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae have been recognized. Classical strains (cKp) are typically isolated from patients with some degree of immunocompromise and are not virulent in mouse models of infection whereas hypervirulent strains (hvKp) are associated with community acquired invasive infections and are highly virulent in mouse models of infection. Hyperproduction of capsule and a hypermucoviscous colony phenotype have been strongly associated with the hypervirulence of hvKp strains. Recent studies have begun to elucidate the relationship between capsule gene expression, hypermucoviscosity and hypervirulence. Additionally, genes associated with hyperproduction of capsule and hypermucoviscosity in hvKp strains have been identified in a few cKp isolates. However, it is not clear how the acquisition of these genes impacts the virulence of cKp isolates. A better understanding of the potential risks of these strains is particularly important given that many of them are resistant to multiple antibiotics, including carbapenems.
大约 30 年来，人们已经认识到两种不同的肺炎克雷伯菌临床分离株。经典株（cKp）通常从一定程度免疫功能低下的患者中分离出来，在感染的小鼠模型中没有毒力，而高毒力株（hvKp）与社区获得性侵袭性感染有关，在感染的小鼠模型中具有高度毒力。荚膜的过度产生和高粘液性菌落表型与 hvKp 菌株的高毒力密切相关。最近的研究开始阐明荚膜基因表达、高粘液性和高毒力之间的关系。此外，在一些 cKp 分离株中已经鉴定出与 hvKp 菌株中荚膜过度产生和高粘液性相关的基因。然而，目前尚不清楚这些基因的获得如何影响 cKp 分离株的毒力。鉴于许多 cKp 分离株对包括碳青霉烯类在内的多种抗生素具有耐药性，因此更好地了解这些菌株的潜在风险尤为重要。
