Department of Environment and Sustainable Development, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.
School of Aerospace, Transport & Manufacturing, Cranfield University, United Kingdom.
J Environ Manage. 2020 Feb 1;255:109914. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109914. Epub 2019 Dec 3.
Rapid demographic expansion along with increasing urbanization has aggravated the problem of solid waste management. Therefore, scientists are seeking waste management methods that are eco-friendly, cost effective and produce immediate results. In the developing world, municipal solid waste (MSW) contains mostly organic substances, therefore vermicomposting could be a better and cost-effective option for waste management. In this study, vermicomposting of organic portion of MSW with cow dung (additive) was performed using Eisenia fetida. The results showed significant (p < 0.001) decline in pH (13.17%), TOC (21.70%), C: N (62.53%) and C: P (57.66%) ratios, whilst total N (108.9%), P (84.89%) and K (21.85%) content increased (p < 0.001) in matured vermicompost. Different enzymatic activities declined during termination phase of vermicomposting experiment with maximum decrease of 41.72 (p = 0.002) and 39.56% (p = 0.001) in protease and β-glucosidase, respectively. FT-IR, TGA, DSC and SEM studies suggested that final vermicompost was more stabilized as compared to initial waste mixture, characterized by reduced levels of aliphatic materials, carbohydrates and increase in aromatic groups possibly due to biosynthesis of humic substances. Both, the conventional (physicochemical and enzyme activity) and advanced techniques depict maturity and stability of the ready vermicompost. However, FT-IR, TGA, DSC and SEM were proved to be more promising, fast and reliable techniques over conventional analyses.
随着人口的快速增长和城市化进程的加快，固体废物管理问题日益严重。因此，科学家们正在寻找环保、经济实惠且能立即产生效果的废物管理方法。在发展中国家，城市固体废物（MSW）主要含有有机物质，因此蚯蚓堆肥可能是一种更好、更具成本效益的废物管理选择。在这项研究中，使用赤子爱胜蚓对 MSW 的有机部分与牛粪（添加剂）进行了蚯蚓堆肥处理。结果表明，pH 值（下降 13.17%）、TOC（下降 21.70%）、C:N（下降 62.53%）和 C:P（下降 57.66%）的比例显著下降（p<0.001），而总 N（增加 108.9%）、P（增加 84.89%）和 K（增加 21.85%）（p<0.001）在成熟的蚯蚓堆肥中增加。在蚯蚓堆肥实验的终止阶段，不同的酶活性下降，其中蛋白酶和β-葡萄糖苷酶的最大降幅分别为 41.72%（p=0.002）和 39.56%（p=0.001）。FT-IR、TGA、DSC 和 SEM 研究表明，最终的蚯蚓堆肥比初始废物混合物更稳定，其特征是脂族材料、碳水化合物水平降低，芳香族基团增加，可能是由于腐殖质的生物合成。传统（理化和酶活性）和先进技术都表明准备好的蚯蚓堆肥已经成熟和稳定。然而，FT-IR、TGA、DSC 和 SEM 被证明是比传统分析更有前途、快速和可靠的技术。
