Papaseit Esther, Pérez-Mañá Clara, de Sousa Fernandes Perna Elizabeth B, Olesti Eulalia, Mateus Julian, Kuypers Kim Pc, Theunissen Eef L, Fonseca Francina, Torrens Marta, Ramaekers Jan G, de la Torre Rafael, Farré Magí
Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Spain.
Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology and Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.
Front Pharmacol. 2020 Jan 28;10:1588. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01588. eCollection 2019.
Mephedrone (4-MMC, mephedrone) is a synthetic cathinone derivative included in the class of new psychoactive substances. It is commonly used simultaneously with alcohol (ethanol). The aim of the present study was to evaluate the interactions on subjective, cardiovascular and hormone effects and pharmacokinetics between mephedrone and alcohol in humans. Eleven male volunteers participated as outpatients in four experimental sessions in a double-blind, randomized, cross-over, and placebo-controlled clinical trial. Participants received a single oral dose of 200 mg of mephedrone plus 0.8 g/kg of alcohol (combination condition); 200 mg of mephedrone plus placebo alcohol (mephedrone condition); placebo mephedrone plus 0.8 g/kg of ethanol (alcohol condition); and placebo mephedrone plus placebo alcohol (placebo condition). Outcome variables included physiological (blood pressure, heart rate, temperature, and pupil diameter), psychomotor (Maddox wing), subjective (visual analogue scales, Addiction Research Center Inventory 49 item short form, and Valoración de los Efectos Subjetivos de Sustancias con Potencial de Abuso questionnaire), and pharmacokinetic parameters (mephedrone and ethanol concentrations). The study was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02294266. The mephedrone and alcohol combination produced an increase in the cardiovascular effects of mephedrone and induced a more intense feeling of euphoria and well-being in comparison to the two drugs alone. Mephedrone reduced the sedative effects produced by alcohol. These results are similar to those obtained when other psychostimulants such as amphetamines and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine are combined simultaneously with alcohol. The abuse liability of mephedrone combined with alcohol is greater than that induced by mephedrone alone.
甲麻黄碱（4-甲基甲卡西酮，甲麻黄碱）是一种合成卡西酮衍生物，属于新型精神活性物质类别。它通常与酒精（乙醇）同时使用。本研究的目的是评估甲麻黄碱与酒精在人体中对主观、心血管和激素效应以及药代动力学的相互作用。11名男性志愿者作为门诊患者参加了一项双盲、随机、交叉和安慰剂对照的临床试验中的四个实验阶段。参与者接受单次口服剂量的200毫克甲麻黄碱加0.8克/千克酒精（联合用药情况）；200毫克甲麻黄碱加安慰剂酒精（甲麻黄碱用药情况）；安慰剂甲麻黄碱加0.8克/千克乙醇（酒精用药情况）；以及安慰剂甲麻黄碱加安慰剂酒精（安慰剂情况）。结果变量包括生理指标（血压、心率、体温和瞳孔直径）、精神运动指标（马多克斯翼试验）、主观指标（视觉模拟量表、成瘾研究中心库存49项简短形式和具有滥用潜力物质主观效应评估问卷）以及药代动力学参数（甲麻黄碱和乙醇浓度）。该研究已在ClinicalTrials.gov上注册，编号为NCT02294266。与单独使用两种药物相比，甲麻黄碱与酒精联合使用增加了甲麻黄碱的心血管效应，并诱发了更强烈的欣快感和幸福感。甲麻黄碱减轻了酒精产生的镇静作用。这些结果与其他精神兴奋剂如苯丙胺和3,4-亚甲基二氧甲基苯丙胺与酒精同时联合使用时获得的结果相似。甲麻黄碱与酒精联合使用的滥用可能性大于单独使用甲麻黄碱所诱发的滥用可能性。
