Hernández-López Cándido, Farré Magí, Roset Pere N, Menoyo Esther, Pizarro Nieves, Ortuño Jordi, Torrens Marta, Camí Jordi, de La Torre Rafael
Unit of Pharmacology, Institut Municipal d'Investigació Mèdica, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain.
J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2002 Jan;300(1):236-44. doi: 10.1124/jpet.300.1.236.
3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) is frequently consumed in association with alcohol. The effect of this combination in humans has not been previously investigated. Nine male healthy volunteers received single oral doses of 100 mg of MDMA plus 0.8 g/kg ethanol, 100 mg of MDMA, 0.8 g/kg of ethanol, and placebo in a double blind, double dummy, randomized crossover trial. Measurements included psychomotor performance, subjective effects, and pharmacokinetics. Plasma concentrations of MDMA showed a 13% increase after the use of alcohol, whereas plasma concentrations of alcohol showed a 9 to 15% decrease after MDMA administration. The MDMA-alcohol combination induced longer lasting euphoria and well being than MDMA or alcohol alone. MDMA reversed the subjective sedation induced by alcohol but did not reduce drunkenness feelings. MDMA did not reverse the actions of alcohol on psychomotor abilities. Combined use of MDMA and alcohol causes dissociation between subjective and objective sedation. Subjects may feel euphoric and less sedated and might have the feeling of doing better, but actual performance ability continues to be impaired by the effect of alcohol. Confirmation of these findings in further studies will be highly relevant in terms of road safety.
3,4-亚甲基二氧甲基苯丙胺（摇头丸）常与酒精一起使用。此前尚未对这种组合对人体的影响进行过研究。在一项双盲、双模拟、随机交叉试验中，9名健康男性志愿者分别单次口服100毫克摇头丸加0.8克/千克乙醇、100毫克摇头丸、0.8克/千克乙醇和安慰剂。测量内容包括精神运动表现、主观效应和药代动力学。服用酒精后，摇头丸的血浆浓度升高了13%，而服用摇头丸后，酒精的血浆浓度降低了9%至15%。与单独使用摇头丸或酒精相比，摇头丸与酒精的组合会诱发更持久的欣快感和舒适感。摇头丸可逆转酒精引起的主观镇静作用，但不会减轻醉酒感。摇头丸不会逆转酒精对精神运动能力的影响。摇头丸与酒精联合使用会导致主观镇静和客观镇静之间出现分离。受试者可能会感到欣快且镇静作用减轻，可能会感觉状态更好，但实际表现能力仍会因酒精的作用而受损。在进一步的研究中证实这些发现对于道路安全而言将具有高度相关性。
