Khan Safeera, Malik Bilal Haider, Gupta Deepti, Rutkofsky Ian
Family Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences and Psychology, Fairfield, USA.
Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences and Psychology, Fairfield, USA.
Cureus. 2020 Jan 9;12(1):e6616. doi: 10.7759/cureus.6616.
Around 121.5 million people suffer from cardiovascular diseases globally. The risk of cardiovascular diseases increases with advancing age in both genders. Circadian rhythm is responsible for a streamlined functioning of various body functions. Certain functions and hormones have their peak levels according to the biological day or night of circadian rhythm. Shift work and sleep disorders like obstructive sleep apnea can cause circadian misalignment that affects different metabolic, immunological, and cardiovascular functions, which ultimately increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases. We systematically searched the online database PubMed to find papers on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from the past five years, evaluating the role of shift work and different sleep disorders in causing circadian misalignment and its effect on the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Fifty papers were shortlisted, and after the application of various inclusion and exclusion criteria, 18 papers were chosen; and then after a thorough analysis of the text, eight papers were selected for the review. All papers were evaluated for quality. Two papers focused on the effect of shift work on cardiovascular diseases, whereas five papers evaluated the role of sleep disorders on circadian rhythm and the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Shift work and sleep-related disorders were found to cause circadian misalignment, and it was found to be associated with an increase in the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Managing these disorders can help reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases.
全球约有1.215亿人患有心血管疾病。心血管疾病的风险在男女两性中均随年龄增长而增加。昼夜节律负责身体各项功能的顺畅运作。某些功能和激素会根据昼夜节律的生物钟白天或黑夜达到峰值水平。轮班工作和睡眠障碍（如阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停）会导致昼夜节律失调，影响不同的代谢、免疫和心血管功能，最终增加心血管疾病的风险。我们系统地搜索了在线数据库PubMed，以查找过去五年中关于随机对照试验（RCT）的论文，评估轮班工作和不同睡眠障碍在导致昼夜节律失调及其对心血管疾病风险影响方面的作用。筛选出了50篇论文，在应用各种纳入和排除标准后，选择了18篇论文；然后在对文本进行全面分析后，挑选了8篇论文进行综述。对所有论文进行了质量评估。两篇论文关注轮班工作对心血管疾病的影响，而五篇论文评估了睡眠障碍对昼夜节律和心血管疾病风险的作用。发现轮班工作和与睡眠相关的障碍会导致昼夜节律失调，并且发现这与心血管疾病风险增加有关。管理这些障碍有助于降低心血管疾病的风险。
