Markovitz Michele, Hamburger Jordan, Fromm Brian S, Carr Brendan, Zhang Xiao Chi
Wills Eye Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Sidney Kimmel Medical School, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Clin Pract Cases Emerg Med. 2020 Jan 2;4(1):8-11. doi: 10.5811/cpcem.2019.10.44460. eCollection 2020 Feb.
Ocular trauma is one of the most common and vision-threatening ophthalmic presentations with a wide spectrum of complications, such as bleeding, infection, vision loss, and enucleation. A 64-year-old-male presented to the emergency department (ED) with a self-inflicted orbital penetrating injury with a hair comb. Computed tomography showed the comb traversed the medial orbit inferior to the medial rectus but did not damage the optic nerve; there were no globe or orbital wall fractures. His ocular exam was significant for a right eye afferent pupillary defect and decreased visual acuity 20/800, consistent with optic neuropathy. Primary concerns were stabilizing and removing the foreign body without causing further damage in the setting of an uncooperative patient. The comb was removed with the aid of local and systemic analgesia using gentle traction and normal saline irrigation. The patient was admitted for systemic and topical antibiotics and showed improvement in visual acuity and resolution of his optic neuropathy. This case illustrates the importance of rapid ED assessment and management of complex penetrating ocular trauma. Examination should specifically look for signs of globe rupture and optic nerve injury. Expedited foreign body removal should be managed together with an ophthalmologist with procedural sedation and broad-spectrum antibiotics to avoid further visual and infectious complications.
眼外伤是最常见且威胁视力的眼科疾病之一,会引发多种并发症,如出血、感染、视力丧失和眼球摘除。一名64岁男性因用发梳自伤导致眼眶穿透伤,前往急诊科就诊。计算机断层扫描显示,梳子穿过内侧直肌下方的内侧眼眶,但未损伤视神经;没有眼球或眶壁骨折。他的眼部检查显示右眼存在传入性瞳孔缺陷,视力降至20/800,符合视神经病变。主要问题是在患者不配合的情况下,稳定病情并取出异物,同时避免造成进一步损伤。在局部和全身镇痛的辅助下,通过轻柔牵引和生理盐水冲洗取出了梳子。患者因全身和局部使用抗生素而入院,视力有所改善,视神经病变也得到缓解。该病例说明了急诊科对复杂穿透性眼外伤进行快速评估和处理的重要性。检查应特别留意眼球破裂和视神经损伤的迹象。应与眼科医生共同进行快速异物取出,并给予程序性镇静和广谱抗生素,以避免进一步的视力和感染并发症。